Zoo Lab 7: Digestive And Respiratory

Front 1

gastrointestinal tract

Back 1

physical and chemical breakdown of food to acquire nutrients

Front 2

muscular tongue

Back 2

aid in manipulation of food during mastication

Front 3

salivary glands

Back 3

lubrication of food to assist in swallowing and secreting digestive enzymes to assist in chemical break down of food

Front 4

parotid gland

Back 4

secretes saliva into buccal cavity, facilitates mastication and swallowing

Front 5

submandibular gland

Back 5

secretes saliva (including enzymes) into buccal cavity to facilitate mastication and swallowing

Front 6

esophagus

Back 6

passage of food from the mouth to the stomach

Front 7

stomach

Back 7

storage/treatment center for food prior to entry into the intestine

Front 8

small intestine

Back 8

majority of chemical digestion occurs here

Front 9

duodenum

Back 9

breakdown of food in small intestine

Front 10

jejunum

Back 10

absorption of nutrients in small intesting

Front 11

ileum

Back 11

absorption of vit B12, bile salts, and nutrients not absorbed by the jejunum

Front 12

colon

Back 12

further treatment of foods that have resisted treatment thus far, facilitated by abumdant intestinal flora

Front 13

macrovilli and microvilli

Back 13

increase surface area in intestine for absorption of nutrients

Front 14

liver

Back 14

secretes bile into the intestinal tract to aid digestion; also involved in the storage and processing of nutrients

Front 15

gall bladder

Back 15

stores and releases bile when food containing fat enters the digestive tract

Front 16

pancreas

Back 16

secretes digestive enzymes, insulin, and glucagon

Front 17

thyroid gland

Back 17

secretes several hormones involved in regulation of metabolism

Front 18

thymus gland

Back 18

lymphatic organ that is essential in immune response

Front 19

greater omentum (mesentary)

Back 19

fat storage and immunity

Front 20

mandibular lymph nodes

Back 20

contain lymphocytes that collect and destroy bacteria and viruses

Front 21

spleen

Back 21

controls red blood cell homeostasis through their storage and destruction

Front 22

epiglottis

Back 22

guards the trachea from the entry of food particles

Front 23

trachea

Back 23

passage of air

Front 24

cartilaginous rings (trachea)

Back 24

prevent airway from collapsing

Front 25

larynx

Back 25

sound production (houses true and false vocal cords)

Front 26

glottis

Back 26

involved in sound production

Front 27

lung

Back 27

gas exchange; absorbs oxygen and expels carbon dioxide

Front 28

diaphragm

Back 28

increases and decreases volume of pleural cavity

Front 29

heart

Back 29

pumps blood through blood vessels to the lungs and body

Front 30

liver (squalus)

Back 30

secretes bile into the intestinal tract to aid digestion; stores squalene for buoyancy regulation

Front 31

rugae (squalus)

Back 31

increase surface area for digestion

Front 32

small intestine (squalus)

Back 32

digestion and absorption of nutrients

Front 33

spiral valve (squalus)

Back 33

increase surface area for absorption of nutrients

Front 34

colon (squalus)

Back 34

further treatment of food

Front 35

rectal gland (squalus)

Back 35

osmoregulation (secretes excessive salts)

Front 36

cloaca (squalus)

Back 36

chamber through which intestinal, rectal gland, and urinary wastes; sperm (in males); and eggs/young (in females) leave the body

Front 37

gall bladder (squalus)

Back 37

stores bile

Front 38

pancreas (squalus)

Back 38

secretes digestive enzymes

Front 39

spleen (squalus)

Back 39

production, storage, and elimnation of red blood cells

Front 40

gills

Back 40

gas exchange