Zoo #2

Front 1

ecology

Back 1

the study of the interactions among organisms and between organisms and their abiotic environment

Front 2

population

Back 2

a group of organisms of the same species that live together in the same area at the same time

Front 3

species

Back 3

don't interbreed

Front 4

communities

Back 4

a natural association that consists of all the populations of different species that live and interact together within an area at the same time

Front 5

ecosystem

Back 5

a community and its physical environment

Front 6

order

Back 6

organisms
population
community
ecosystem
landscape
biosphere

Front 7

landscape

Back 7

large land areas that include several ecosystems

Front 8

thermodynamics

Back 8

the study of energy and its transformations

Front 9

first law of thermodynamics

Back 9

energy can not be created or destroyed, although it can change from one form to another

Front 10

second law of thermodynamics

Back 10

when energy is converted from one form to another, some of it is degraded into heat, a less usable form that disperses into the environment

Front 11

entropy

Back 11

the measure of the disorder of the energy

Front 12

producers (autotrophs)

Back 12

plants

Front 13

consumers (heterotrophs)

Back 13

primary consumer (herbivore)=eat producers

Front 14

secondary consumers

Back 14

eat primary consumers
tertiary consumers eat secondary consumers (carnivores)

Front 15

omnivores

Back 15

eat both plants and animals

Front 16

detrivores

Back 16

eat detritus

Front 17

decomposers

Back 17

(saprotrophs) decompose shit

Front 18

trophic level

Back 18

an organism's position in a food chain, which is determined by its feeing relationships

Front 19

ecological pyramid

Back 19

represent the relative energy values of each trophic level

Front 20

biomass

Back 20

a quantitative estimate of the total mass of living material

Front 21

Gross Primary Productivity (GPP)

Back 21

the total amount of photosynthetic energy that plants capture and assimiliate in a given period

Front 22

Net Primary Productivity (NPP)

Back 22

productivity after respiration losses are subtracted. it is the amount of biomass found in excess of that broken down by a plant's cellular respiration. represents the rate at which this organic matter is actually incorporated into plant tissues for growth

Front 23

NPP

Back 23

GPP-plant cellular respiration

Front 24

natural selection

Back 24

overproduction, variation, limits on population growth (struggle for existence), differential reproductive success

Front 25

succession

Back 25

community development over time
Henry Cowles

Front 26

primary succession

Back 26

the change in species composistion over time in a previously uninhabited environment

Front 27

secondary succession

Back 27

the change in species composition that takes place after some disturbance destroys the existing vegetation, soil is already present

Front 28

symbiosis

Back 28

any intimate relationship or association between members of two or more species (mutualism, commensalism, parasitism)

Front 29

coevolution

Back 29

the interdependent evolution of two interacting species (symbiosis)

Front 30

mutualism

Back 30

both partners benefit

Front 31

commensalism

Back 31

a type of symbiosis in which on organism benefits and the other one is neither harmed nor helped

Front 32

parasitism

Back 32

a symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is harmed

Front 33

ecological niche

Back 33

the totality of an organism's adaptations, its use of resources, and the lifestyle to which it is fitted
GF Gause

Front 34

keystone species

Back 34

a species, often a predator, that exerts a profound influence on a community in excess of that expected by its relative abundance

Front 35

carbon cycle (ground, sedimentary rock)

Back 35

the global circulation or carbon from the environment to living organisms and back to the environment

Front 36

nitrogen

Back 36

atmosphere

Front 37

phosphorus

Back 37

land, ocean, land

Front 38

sulfur

Back 38

sedimentary rock, ocean

Front 39

hydrologic

Back 39

water

Front 40

Garret Hardin

Back 40

personal gain and self interest -->degradation

Front 41

oxidation

Back 41

a molecule loses an electron

Front 42

reduction

Back 42

a molecule gains an electron

Front 43

UV rays

Back 43

AM, TV, FM, micro, IR, UV, x-ray, gamma

Front 44

food chain levels

Back 44

producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, tertiary consumers, decomposers

Front 45

swamps and marshes

Back 45

most ecosystem productivity

Front 46

tolerance limits

Back 46

min and max levels in which a species cant survive or reproduce

Front 47

mutations

Back 47

contribute to genetic diversity

Front 48

selective pressure

Back 48

physiological stress due to inappropriate levels of a critical environmental factor

Front 49

six kingdoms

Back 49

archebacteria
eubacteria
protists
plants
fungi
animals

Front 50

taxonomic naming system

Back 50

kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

Front 51

ecological organization

Back 51

individual, population, community, ecosystem, landscape

Front 52

intraspecific competition

Back 52

competition between same species

Front 53

interspecific competition

Back 53

competition between different species

Front 54

ecotone

Back 54

edge between two different landscapes, species richness occurs

Front 55

ecosystem ecology

Back 55

to understand the flow of evergy and matter through organisms and the environment

Front 56

photosynthesis

Back 56

carbon, water, light energy-->sugar, water, oxygen

Front 57

cellular respiration

Back 57

glucose, oxygen, water-->carbon dioxide, water, ENERGY