Zmed Chapter 6 Vocab

Front 1

allergen

Back 1

An antigen capable of inducing an allergic response.

Front 2

anaphylaxis

Back 2

A severe response to a foreign substance, such as a drug, a food, insect venom, or a chemical.

Front 3

antibody

Back 3

A disease-fighting protein developed by the body.

Front 4

antigen

Back 4

Any substance that the body regards as foreign.

Front 5

aspergillosis

Back 5

An infection caused by a fungus of the genus Aspergillus.

Front 6

autoimmune disorder

Back 6

A condition in which the immune system reacts incorrectly to normal antigens and creates antibodies against the body's own tissues.

Front 7

bacilli

Back 7

Rod-shaped spore-forming bacteria.

Front 8

bacteria

Back 8

A group of one-cell microscopic organisms, some of which are pathogenic.

Front 9

bactericide

Back 9

A substance that causes the death of bacteria.

Front 10

bacteriostatic

Back 10

An agent that inhibits, slows, or retards the growth of bacteria.

Front 11

brachytherapy

Back 11

The use of radioactive materials placed in contact with, or implanted into, the tissues to be treated.

Front 12

carcinoma

Back 12

A malignant tumor that occurs in epithelial tissue.

Front 13

complement

Back 13

A complex series of proteins circulating in normal serum that are activated on contact with an antigen.

Front 14

cytomegalovirus

Back 14

A group of large herpes-type viruses that cause a variety of diseases.

Front 15

cytotoxic

Back 15

A substance that kills or damages cells.

Front 16

ductal carcinoma in situ

Back 16

Breast cancer at its earliest stage, before the cancer has broken through the wall of the milk duct.

Front 17

hemolytic

Back 17

Destroys worn-out red blood cells and liberates hemoglobin.

Front 18

herpes zoster

Back 18

An acute viral infection characterized by painful skin eruptions that follow the underlying route of the inflamed nerve.

Front 19

Hodgkin's lymphoma

Back 19

A malignancy of the lymphatic system that is distinguished from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells; also known as Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Front 20

immunodeficiency disorder

Back 20

A condition that occurs when one or more parts of the immune system are deficient, missing, or not working properly.

Front 21

immunoglobulins

Back 21

A group of five types of antibodies, each of which has a specific function in the antigen-antibody reaction.

Front 22

immunologist

Back 22

A specialist in the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disorders of the immune system.

Front 23

immunosuppressant

Back 23

A substance that prevents or reduces the body's normal immune response.

Front 24

immunotherapy

Back 24

A treatment of disease by either stimulating or repressing the immune response.

Front 25

infectious mononucleosis

Back 25

An infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) that is characterized by fever, a sore throat, and enlarged lymph nodes.

Front 26

infiltrating ductal carcinoma

Back 26

Breast cancer that starts in the milk duct, breaks through the wall of that duct, and invades the surrounding fatty breast tissue; also known as invasive ductal carcinoma.

Front 27

interferon

Back 27

A substance produced by the T cells that causes noninfected cells to form an antiviral protein that slows or stops viral multiplication.

Front 28

lymphadenitis

Back 28

Inflammation of the lymph nodes; also known as swollen glands.

Front 29

lymphadenopathy

Back 29

Any disease process usually involving enlargement of the lymph nodes.

Front 30

lymphangiography

Back 30

The radiographic examination of the lymphatic vessels after the injection of a contrast medium.

Front 31

lymphangioma

Back 31

A benign tumor formed by an abnormal collection of lymphatic vessels.

Front 32

lymphedema

Back 32

Swelling due to an abnormal accumulation of lymph within the tissues.

Front 33

lymphocytes

Back 33

A major class of white blood cells that play an important role in the immune reaction.

Front 34

lymphokines

Back 34

A type of T cell that directs the immune response by signaling between the cells of the immune system.

Front 35

lymphoma

Back 35

A general term applied to malignancies that develop in the lymphatic system.

Front 36

macrophage

Back 36

A cell that protects the body by eating invading cells.

Front 37

metastasis

Back 37

A new cancer site that results from the spreading process; plural, metastases.

Front 38

metastasize

Back 38

The process by which cancer spreads from one place to another.

Front 39

moniliasis

Back 39

Infection of the skin or mucous membranes caused by the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans.

Front 40

myoma

Back 40

A benign tumor made up of muscle tissue.

Front 41

myosarcoma

Back 41

A malignant tumor derived from muscle tissue.

Front 42

neoplasm

Back 42

A new and abnormal tissue formation in which the multiplication of cells is uncontrolled, abnormally rapid, and progressive; also known as a tumor.

Front 43

non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

Back 43

The term used to describe all lymphomas other than Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Front 44

oncologist

Back 44

A specialist in diagnosing and treating malignant disorders such as tumors and cancer.

Front 45

oncology

Back 45

The study of the prevention, causes, and treatment of tumors and cancer.

Front 46

opportunistic infection

Back 46

A pathogen that normally does not cause disease but is able to cause illness in a weakened host.

Front 47

osteosarcoma

Back 47

A malignant tumor usually involving the upper shaft of long bones, the pelvis, or the knees.

Front 48

parasite

Back 48

A plant or an animal that lives on or within another living organism at the expense of that organism.

Front 49

pathogen

Back 49

A microorganism that causes a disease.

Front 50

phygocytosis

Back 50

The process of a phagocyte ingesting and destroying foreign substances.

Front 51

rabies

Back 51

An acute viral infection transmitted to humans by the blood, tissue, or saliva of an infected animal.

Front 52

rickettsia

Back 52

Small bacteria that live in lice, fleas, ticks, and mites that transmit the infection to humans.

Front 53

rubella

Back 53

A viral infection characterized by fever and a diffuse, fine, red rash; also known as German measles or 3-day measles.

Front 54

sarcoma

Back 54

A malignant tumor that arises from connective tissue; plural, sarcomas or sarcomata.

Front 55

spirochetes

Back 55

Spiral-shaped bacteria that have flexible walls and are capable of movement.

Front 56

splenomegaly

Back 56

Abnormal enlargement of the spleen.

Front 57

splenorrhagia

Back 57

Bleeding from the spleen.

Front 58

staphylococci

Back 58

Bacteria that form irregular clusters.

Front 59

streptococci

Back 59

Bacteria that form a chain.

Front 60

teletherapy

Back 60

Radiation therapy administered at a distance from the body that is precisely targeted with the use of three-dimensional computer imaging.

Front 61

thymus

Back 61

A gland that is composed largely of lymphatic tissue and plays important roles in the immune and endocrine systems.

Front 62

Western blot test

Back 62

A blood test performed to confirm the diagnosis of HIV.