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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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CON-LAW
Level 1 Subjects (7) |
1. THREE BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT
--->(1.) Procedural Issues - (5) --->(2.) Executive Power (3) --->(3.) Legislative Power (2) 2. FEDERALISM (4) 3. STATE ACTION (2) 4. PROTECTIONS AGAINST GOVT. POWER (3) --->(1.) Procedural Due Process --->(2.) Substantive Due Process --->(3.) Eminent Domain 5. EQUAL PROTECTION (6) 6. FIRST AMENDMENT RIGHTS (3) --->(1.) Speech - (6) --->(2.) Press/Association --->(3.) Religion - (2) 7. COLLATERAL BAR RULE |
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CON-LAW
Level 2 - Three Branches of Govt. |
1. Procedural Issues - (5)
--->Standing --->Ripeness --->Mootness --->Political Question --->Other: ------------>(a) Adequate & Independent State Grounds ------------>(b) Supreme Court Jurisdiction ------------>(c) Abstention ------------>(d) Eleventh Amendment 2. Executive - (3) --->Domestic --->Foreign --->Hierarchy of Laws 3. Legislative - (2) --->Congressional Authority --->Delegation |
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CON-LAW
Level 2 - Federalism (4) |
1. Preemption
2. Dormant Commerce Clause 3. Privileges & Immunities Clause 4. Contract Clause |
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CON-LAW
Level 2 - State Action (2) |
1. Exclusive Public Function
2. Significant State Involvement |
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CON-LAW
Level 2 - Protections Against Government Powers (3) |
1. Procedural Due Process
2. Substantive Due Process (2) --->Economic --->Fundamental Rights 3. Eminent Domain (2) --->Taking --->Zoning |
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CON-LAW
Level 2 - Equal Protection (6) |
1. Procedural Issues
2. General Rule 3. Power Source 4. State Action 5. Classify 6. Due Process: ----------> Substantive ----------> Procedural |
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CON-LAW
Level 2 - First Amendment Rights (3) |
1. SPEECH:
--->(1.) Procedural Issues --->(2.) General Rule --->(3.) State Action --->(4.) General Considerations --->(5.) Time, Place & Manner/Fora --->(6.) Content: ---------------------> (a.) Incitement ---------------------> (b.) Obscenity ---------------------> (c.) Commercial ---------------------> (d.) Defamation 2. PRESS/ASSOCIATION 3. RELIGION (2) ---> 1.) Establishment Clause ------------------->(a.) Secular ------------------->(b.) Primary Effect - neither advances nor hinders religion ------------------->(c.) Entanglement ---> 2.) Free Exercise Clause: -------------------->(a.) Intentional Interference -------------------->(b.) Unitentional/General Applicability |
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What are the three steps to a Basic Con Law Question?
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I. Is there a valid Case or Controversy
II. What Kind of Constitutional Issue is raised? III. Are any Idividual Rights affected |
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What are the considerations for a valid Case or Controversy?
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RAMPSE
- Ripeness - Immediate threat of harm - Abstenton - No standing for unsettled state law, Will not enjoin state criminal proceeding - Mootness - Live, Except: Class Action, Repetition evading review - Political Question - Const delegates to another branch - Standing Injury, Causation, Redressability - Eleventh Amendment - Soveregn States |
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What are the area's of Consitutional Issues we may see on the test?
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1. Separation of Powers
2. Federal Legislative Action 3. State Action - State passing a law |
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What should you raise in a Separation of Powers question?
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1. Judicial - See Case or Controversy Card.
Defines limitation of power. 2. Executive - Foreign and Domestic Powers, Privileges. Act where doesn't conflict with congress. 3. Legislature - See legislative action card |
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What are the basic concerns for Legislative Action?
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1. Source of Power
.. a. Commerc, tax, Spend, Taking, Citiz, Civil Rights, Foreign Affairs, War Elections 2. Necssary and Proper 3. 10th Amend. |
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What are the basic concerns for State Laws?
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1. Preempion
2. DCC .. a. Discrimination . . . . . (i) Necessary to achieve an important state interest - Imtermediate Scrutiny . . . . . (ii) Market Participant Doctrine . . . . . (iii) Favors a local government entity .. b. Undue Burden on Interstate Commerce 3. Privileges and Immunities .. a. Art IV - Economic and Civil Liberties .. b. 14th - Travel Only .. c. Burden, substantial justification no less restrictive means - Strict Scrutiny |
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What is the list of Individual Rights?
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SSTRREPS
1. State Actor 2. Speech 3. Taking 4. Religion 5. Retroactive Legislation 6. Equal Protection 7. Procedural Due Process 8. Substantive Due Process |
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State Action / Actor
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State Must be the one who caused the act.
Situations where private action qualifies as state action: 1. Public Function Doctrine .. a. Traditional and exclusive prerogative of the state 2. Significant State Involvement .. a. Enanglement .. b. Affirmatively facilitates, encourages, or authorizes acts of discrimination |
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What is the basic steps of a Speech analysis?
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1. Prior Restraint - Preventing Speech before it occurs, Narrowly Tailored to achieve some compelling interest
.. a. Narrow, reasonable, definite .. b. Injunction is prompt .. c. Prompt final determination 2. Vagueness - No reasonable notice - chills 3. Over breadth - Regulating a substantial amount of protected speech 4. Content - Narrowly tailored to achieve compelling gov. interest 5. Content Neutral - Generally necessary state interest |
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What is the test for content based speech restrictions?
What are the basic categories of Unprotected Speech? |
STRICT SCRUTINY
1. Content - Narrowly tailored to achieve compelling gov interest / these are comp interests .. a. Imminent Lawless .. b. Fighting words - True Threats .. c. Obscenity .. d. Defamatory Speech .. e. Commercial Speech |
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What is Imminent Lawless Action?
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A. Imminent Lawless Action
.. i. Clear and present danger - imminent illegal conduct likely .. ii. Speaker intended to cause |
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What is the test for Obscenity?
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C. Obscenity
.. i. Appeals to the prurient interest - local .. ii. Patently offensive - local .. iii. Lacks serious (literary, artistic, political, scientific) - natn'l |
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What are the concerns of Defamatory Speech?
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See Torts Cards
d. Defamatory Speech .. i. Public Concern - Then need Falsity and Fault . . . . . (1) Public official or figure - Fault must be Malice . . . . . (2) Private Figure - Fault must be negligence |
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Commercial Speech
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e. Commercial Speech
.. i. No right to: Unlawful, misleading, fraudulent .. ii. But even true statements can be limited - Intermediate Scrutiny . . . . . (1) Substantial gov interest . . . . . (2) Directly advances |
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What are the requirements of Content Neutral Speech Regulations?
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Content Neutral - Import gov interests, not burden more speech than necessary
.. a. Time Place Manner . . . . . (i) Public Forum - TPM if: . . . . . . . . . . . . (A1) Content Neutral . . . . . . . . . . . . (A2) Narrowly tailored to serve significant gov int - IS (Intermediate Scrutiny) . . . . . . . . . . . . (A3) Leave open alternative channels . . . . . (ii) Non-Public . . . . . . . . . . . . (A1) Viewpoint Neutral . . . . . . . . . . . . (A2) Reasonably related to a legitimate purpose - RB (Rationale Basis Scrutiny) .. b. Symbolic Expression - TPM .. c. Freedom of Association . . . . . (i) May not prohibit nor unduly burden. Strict Scrutiny |
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What is the analysis for a Taking?
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1. Public Use
.. a. Liberally construed 2. Just Compensation .. a. Fair Market Value .. b. Taking v. Regulation . . . . . (i) Physical Taking is met if even a part of the land is taken . . . . . (ii) If regulatory must deny ALL econ value . . . . . (iii) Temporary restriction uses balancing |
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What are the issues with Religion?
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1. Establishment Clause
.. a. Secular Purpose S .. b. Secular Effect E .. c. No Excessive Entanglement X 2. Free Exercise Clause .. a. Regulating general conduct with incidental effect on religion |
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What is Retroactive Legislation?
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1. Impairment of Contract
.. a. Private Contract - Intermediate . . . . . (i) Important and legitimate gov purpose . . . . . (ii) Reasonable and narrowly tailored .. b. Public Contract - Stricter 2. Ex Post Facto Laws .. a. Criminal Offense .. b. Makes something in past a crime, lowers the evidence needed, greater punishment 3. Bills of Attainder .. a. Legislative acts that inflict punishment on individuals |
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What are the tests for Equal Protection?
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1. Strict Scrutiny - (Race, Alienate, Fundamental Right)
.. a. Necessary to achieve compelling gov. interest 2. Intermediate - (Gender, Illegitimacy) .. a. Substantially related to an important gov. purpose 3. Rational Basis - (Wealth, Age, Others) .. a. Rationally related to a legitimate gov purpose |
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Procedural Due Process
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Fair process (notice / hearing) is required for a government to individually take a person's "life, liberty, or property"
1. Liberty .. a. Loses a significant freedom to act .. b. Denied a freedom under the constitution or statute 2. Property .. a. Legitimate claim or entitlement .. b. Reasonable expectation of continued benefit 3. Type of Process - Balance .. a. Importance of interest .. b. Value of procedural safeguards .. c. Government interest |
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Substantive Due Process
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Same as EP
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What are the basic Fundamental Rights?
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1. Right to Privacy
.. a. Marriage .. b. Use of Contraceptives .. c. Abortion . . . . . (i) Pre-Viability - No undue burden . . . . . (ii) Viability - Health and safety exception .. d. Family .. e. Sexual Conduct 2. Right to Vote .. a. Residence, age, and citizenship (50 days) are RB. .. b. One person one vote .. c. Candidates - Age = RB, most else is SS. 3. Right to Travel .. a. International travel = RB 4. 1st Amendment |
