Zaman_Liver_Tumors

Front 1

what are the 2 major types of nodular hyperplasias?

Back 1

1. focal nodular hyperplasia
2. nodular regenerative hyperplasia

*both benign nodules occurring in non-cirrhotic livers
*both occur d/t abnormalities in hepatic blood supply

Front 2

focal nodular hyperplasia most commonly occurs as an incidental finding in who?

Back 2

young to middle aged women

Front 3

describe the pathology of focal nodular hyperplasia

Back 3

a focal, well circumscribed liver nodule, benign, measuring up to several centimeters, in a non-cirrhotic liver
a central stellate fibrous scar
bands of fibrosis radiate from the scar & surrounds lobules of hepatocytes
large As, bile ducts & lymphocytic infiltrate are in the fibrous bands

Front 4

what is the ddx for focal nodular hyperplasia?

Back 4

liver cell adenoma
well differentiated liver cell CA
nodular regenerative hyperplasia

Front 5

what is nodular regenerative hyperplasia?

Back 5

aka nodular transformation of the liver
occurs in all ages
in pt.s w/ portal venous thrombosis affecting intrahepatic blood flow (i.e. bone marrow transplant, steroids, cytotoxic drugs, autoimmune dzs, primary biliary cirrhosis, etc.)

Front 6

nodular regenerative hyperplasia may cause what 3 things?

Back 6

1. portal HTN
2. elev. alkaline phosphatase
3. elev. gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase

Front 7

what differentiates nodular regenerative hyperplasia from cirrhosis?

Back 7

NRH transforms the entire liver into multiple small nodules of hepatocytes, these are NOT surrounded by fibrosis (instead are rimmed by atrophic hepatocytes seen w/ reticulin), there's minimal inflammation & no evidence of liver cell damage (such as would be seen in cirrhosis)