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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is oligouria
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less than normal urine output; ususally less than 400ml/d
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what is anuria
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no urine output
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acute pyelonephritis is usually a result of bacteria from__________ __________
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normal flora (of lower urinary tract)
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less common causes of infection causing acute glomerulonehritis
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obstructions (of any type) and blood-borne pathogens
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_________ and __________can cause compression of the ureters
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pregnancy, prostate
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what is a cast
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mold of the tubules that result from slow flowing urine and large amounts of cells anf protein in urine
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why do you get anemia in chronic glomerulonephritis
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the kidney does not make erythropoietin anymore (it is dying)
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most common kid's tumor
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neuroblastoma
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most common kid's kidney tumor
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Wilm's (nephroblastoma)
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what kidney tumor grows into the renal vein
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renal cell carcinoma
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what do renal cell carcinomas look like on histology
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really clear cells
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common prognosis of Wilm's (aka nephroblastoma) and renal cell carcinoma
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good (treatable), if not spread
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adenocarcinoma of the kidney (also called clear cell carcinoma) is bad b/c it ____
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easily metastasizes (and kills your ass!)
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common congenital kidney disease that is usually no big deal
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horseshoe kidney
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adult polycystic kidney disease, (1:500)common, is associated with_____and _____
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berry aneurysms and HTN, a bad combination
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what disease damages kidneys as they enlarge and compress the normal parts of the kidney
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adult polycystic kidney disease
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cysts that are not harmful and of no consequence
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simple cysts
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what is activated when antigen-antibody complexes get trapped in the filter of the glomerulus
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complement system, which releases C5a, attracting neutrophils
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the neutrophils are unable to eat the immune complexes so what do they do
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they release substances that damage the glomerular BM
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what is the worst problem with chronic renal failure
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buildup of nitrogenous wastes in the blood (azotemia)
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what does a pt with renal failure smell like
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urine
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who has a massive inferiority complex
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could it be that simple, yeah, it really could, and his brother, who is trying so hard to help us even though he was on his death bed Tuesday night
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