Zaman 10-18-07 Renal 4 And 5 Part 2

Front 1

RCC, especially clear cell invade renal ____ and
obstruct it.

Back 1

vein

Front 2

RCC may be sporadic, familial or associated with
____ (familial hemangiomas)

Back 2

VHL
Von Hippel Lindau

Front 3

Chromosome of RCC

Back 3

3p-

Front 4

Diseases associated with RCC

Back 4

–von Hippel-Lindau disease
–Tuberous Sclerosis
–Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
–Acquired cystic renal disease
–? familial RCC

Front 5

most common renal tumor in adults

Back 5

clear cell carcinoma

Front 6

What is in the cytoplasm of clear cell carcinoma

Back 6

glycogen

use PAS stain

Front 7

gross appearance of chromophil RCC

Back 7

variable, may have papillary or friable, cut surface

Front 8

Color of clear cell vs color of chromophobe RCC

Back 8

clear: yellow

chromophobe: brown

Front 9

Stain specific for iron colloids of chromophobe RCC

Back 9

Hale's

Front 10

Renal cell carcinoma. A, Clear cell type, B, Papillary type. Note the
papillae and foamy macrophages in the stalk. C, Chromophobe type.

Back 10

Renal cell carcinoma.
A?B?C?

Front 11

Collecting Duct carcinoma Aka

Back 11

Medullary carcinoma

Front 12

Collecting Duct carcinoma:
Malignant cells with a ____ pattern
lining irregular glandular spaces

Back 12

hobnail

Front 13

Juxtaglomerular Cell Tumor AKA("__?__")

Back 13

Reninoma

Front 14

EM of JGA tumor shows what in the cytoplasm

Back 14

Renin granules

Front 15

Friable tumors that obstruct
the renal pelvis

Males 10:1
Much less common than
urothelial cellthe bladder.

Back 15

Urothelial cell carcinoma

Front 16

WAGR: problems

Back 16

Wilm’s tumor,aniridia (congenital absence or
partial absence of the iris), GU malformations, and
mental retardation

Front 17

Beckwith-Wiedeman syndrome

Back 17

congen exomphalos, macroglossia, gigantism

(80% of patients demonstrate genotypic abnormalities of 11p15.5)

Front 18

Patients often have aniridia, hemihypertrophy, and/or
rests of undifferentiated blastema.

Back 18

Wilm’s tumor

Front 19

–Autosomal dominant polycystic KD

Why would this pt have "the worst headache of their life?"

Back 19

subarachnoid hemorrhage due to burst berry aneurysm

Front 20

what is the gross difference b.w recessive and dominant polycystic kidney disease?

Back 20

no cysts on the outside of kidney in recessive disease

Front 21

Usually it is just a radiologist's curiosity.
• Sometimes stones form in the "cysts",
and this entity is in the "differential" of
chronic back pain

Back 21

Medullary sponge kidney

Front 22

The hereditary forms of this disease include three diseases coded
by NPHP1 ("nephrocystin"), NPHP2, and NPHP3,
which are the most common causes of endstage
renal disease in children and young adults

Back 22

Uremic medullary cystic
disease / "nephronophthisis”

Front 23

Bridge over water

Back 23

uterine arteries go over ureters

Front 24

Problem causing pyelonephritis in UTI

Back 24

Vesicoureteral
reflux (defect in intravesical portion of ureters)

Front 25

Intrinsic Narrowing or occlusions of ureters

Back 25

a. Normal anatomical sites of narrowing
b. Calculi (intrinsic) -most frequent cause of
obstruction
c. Stricture (intrinsic) -trauma, inflammatory
d. Tumors (intrinsic)
e. Blood clot (intrinsic)

Front 26

condition that can result in hydroureter

Back 26

Pregnancy

Front 27

Extrinsic compression of ureters

Back 27

i Tumors (benign or malignant) common in cervix
cancer
–ii. Pregnancy -can result in hydroureter
–iii. Sclerosing retroperitonitis (Retroperitoneal
fibromatosis)
–iv. Endometriosis

Front 28

Urothelium
normally consists of
4 to 6 layers of
cells. The
uppermost layer
consists of
_______ cells (not
well seen in this
image) which may
have irregular
hyperchromatic
nuclei.

Back 28

umbrella

Front 29

-developmental failure of anterior abdominal
wall. May be repaired surgically.

Back 29

Exstrophy

Front 30

Increased frequency, lower abdominal pain and dysuria.

Back 30

Cystitis

Front 31

Schistosomiasis causes what kind of cancer

Back 31

squamous cell cancer of the bladder

Front 32

Predisposing conditions for cystitis

Back 32

– i. Coitus (female)
– ii. Prostatic hyperplasia (male)
– iii. D.M.
–iv. Stones
–v. Diverticula
–vi. Tumors
–vii. Pregnancy
–viii. Neuronal disorders (spinal cord injury, autonomic
dysfunction)
– ix. Catheterization and surgery
–x. Radiation

Front 33

bladder infection assoc with long term use of antibiotics

Back 33

Candida

Front 34

organism infection causing cystitis

Back 34

• i. Gram negative rods (100,000 organisms/cc)
i.e. E.coli, Proteus, Klebsiella
• ii. T.B.
• iii. Schistosomiasis
• iv. Candida -usually on long-term antibiotics

Front 35

Special types of cystitis

Back 35

Malakoplakia
Ulcerative interstitial cystitis.
Cystitis related to cytotoxic drugs and radiation

Front 36

c. Michaelis-Gutman body is assoc with what?-

Back 36

Malakoplakia

Front 37

What is Michaelis-Gutman body?

Back 37

Probably calcified
phagolysosomes of
macrophage containing
bacterial debris. Most are
associated with chronic E. coli
or Proteus infections

Front 38

Inflammation and
fibrosis throughout all layers of bladder wall;
mainly female. Cause unknown; perhapsautoimmune.

Back 38

Ulcerative interstitial cystitis.

Front 39

CARCINOMA OF THE
BLADDER is usually what type

Back 39

Usually papillary

Front 40

_____ carcinoma is the most frequent malignant tumor of
the urinary tract.

Back 40

Bladder

Front 41

location dispersion bladder carcinoma

Back 41

84% occur on the lateral & posterior walls of the bladder &
40% occur in the trigone.

Front 42

______- dye used in rubber and cable industries. 50 fold
increased in bladder cancer in exposed workers.

Back 42

Aniline

Front 43

Beta naphthylamine, 4-amino biphenyl, 4-nitro biphenyl
and 4,4 diamino-biphenyl, and _____ tar can cause
tumors in animals.

Back 43

tobacco

Front 44

Chronic bladder infections and calculous disease or
Schistosoma hematobium (North Africa) are etiologic in
_______ cell type of bladder cancer.

Back 44

squamous

Front 45

___________ is
the single most important factor in predicting the ultimate
prognosis of a particular lesion and is the basis of staging bladder cancer.

Back 45

Depth of penetration of the tumor into the bladder wall

Front 46

Majority of tumors (70%) are what type?

Back 46

Papillary CA low grade:

Front 47

Type of tumor that is Essentially benign. May recur but rarely invade

Back 47

Papilloma / LMP:

Front 48

Type of tumor Often widespread, and one step from invasion.

Back 48

Flat urothelial / CIS :

Front 49

Type of tumor Associated with chronic irritation -stones,

Back 49

Squamous cell Ca


(70% dead in one year )