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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The ANATOMICAL POSITION is the standard reference point from which ALL other anatomical descriptions are made. What is this position?
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-Standing erect
-Head, eyes, and toes facing forward -Arms by the side, hands facing forward -Legs together feet facing forward |
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What are the MAJOR ANATOMICAL PLANES OF REFERENCE?
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-MEDIAN: Vertical plane passing longitudinally dividing the body into right/left halves
-SAGITTAL: Vertical plane passing parallel to the medan plane -CORONAL: Vertical plane passing through the body dividing it into front and back parts -HORIZONTAL: Transverse plane passing through the body dividing it into upper and lower parts |
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anterior/ventral
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front surface of the body
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posterior/dorsal
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back surface of the body
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superior/cranial/cephalic
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toward the head
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inferior/caudal
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toward the feet
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proximal
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toward the (midline of) trunk
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distal
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farther from the (midline of) trunk
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medial
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toward the median plane
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lateral
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farther from the median plane
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central
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toward the center
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peripheral
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away from the center
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parietal
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outer wall of a cavity
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visceral
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inner surface covering an organ
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superficial
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closer to surface
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intermediate
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between other structures
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deep
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farther from surface
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What is FLEXION movement?
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bending, decresing the angle between a joint (joint angle is measured from 0° - to specific degrees of motion ( example: elbow flexion of 90° is documented 0° to 90°)
*Exceptions: DORSIFLEXION is the flexion of ankle toward the head. PLANTARFLEXION is flexion of the ankle away from the head. |
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What is EXTENSION movement?
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Straightening, increasing the angle in a joint
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What is ABDUCTION movement?
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moving away from the median plane (midline)
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What is ADDUCTION movement?
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moving toward the median plane (midline)
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What is ROTATION movement?
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turning (a part) along it's longitudinal axis
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What is CIRCUMDUCTION movement?
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movement of the distal end in a circular fashion
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What is ELEVATION movement?
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movement (of a part) superiorly (ie. shrugging of the shoulders)
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What is DEPRESSION movement?
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movement (of a part) inferiorly (ie. opposite of elevation)
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