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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Transcription
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RNA synthesis (tRNA, rRNA & mostly mRNA synthesis)
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Enzyme that makes RNA?
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RNA Polymerase
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Through the process of transcription, _____ is transcribed into _______ using the enzyme _______.
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DNA
mRNA RNA Polymerase |
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What does the antiparallel nature of DNA mean?
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Means only 1 of the 2 strands of DNA serves as template for mRNA synthesis
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Check out stuff about templates on Lecture Notes Transcription Page 1....
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be able to understand the template and name the strands
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RNA synthesis goes in what direction?
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only in 5’ to 3’ direction
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In transcription, the promotor site is the region of DNA that is... (3 things)
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a. where RNA polymerase binds tightly to DNA
b. where transcription begins c. in eukaryotes = TATA box repeat |
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In transcription, the terminator site is the region of DNA that is..... (2 things)
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a. end point for transcription
b. RNA polymerase & mRNA are released |
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Compare Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic transcription
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Eukaryote---
Eukaryotic DNA -->RNA transcript--> mRNA--> protein Prokarote- Prokaryotic DNA--> mRNA--> protein |
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D. Eukaryotic transcription requires what modification?
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post-transcriptional modification of mRNA
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How do we know that transcription requires post-transcriptional modification of mRNA with respect to size?
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Eukaryotic coding DNA is much larger than the mRNA
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How do we know that transcription requires post-transcriptional modification of mRNA with respect sequences of nucleotides?
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DNA has coding & non-coding sequences of nucleotides,
exons (coding) & introns (non coding) |
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exons
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coding regions that are expressed into polypeptides
i. present in Archea rRNA genes & all eukaryotes |
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introns
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non-coding sections of DNA between exons that are not expressed into polypeptides
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RNA transcript produced must have _______ removed and _______ pieces joined by spliceosome or Ribozyme (RNA enzyme)
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introns, exons
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How was proof of introns discovered?
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Concept was discovered using DNA technology on a cell that makes a lot of one kind of protein (egg albumin)
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Eukaryotic cells carry lots of....
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extra baggage DNA as introns
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Are there more nucleotides in introns or exons?
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Exons (coding portions) are often only a small fraction of the total length of the gene, whereas introns often have 80-10,000 nucleotides
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“What would happen if the human gene for insulin was inserted into E. coli coli? Would insulin be produced or something else?”
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Jerry's question @ end of notes.... Beats me!
Edit if known... |
