Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
1st generation H1 blockers
|
diphenhydramine
dimenhydrinate chlorpheniramine |
|
|
2nd generation H1 blockers
|
loratadine
fexofenadine desloratadine cetirizine |
|
|
clinical uses for 1st generation H1 blockers
|
allergy
motion sickness sleep aid |
|
|
clinical uses for 2nd generation H1 lockers
|
allergy
|
|
|
1st generation H1 blockers
s/e |
sedation
antimuscarinic anti-alpha-adrenergic |
|
|
2nd generation H1 blockers
s/e |
far less sedating than 1st generation because
v entry into CNS |
|
|
bronchoconstriction is mediated by
|
(1) inflammatory processes
(2) sympathetic tone |
|
|
isoproterenol is a _ (drug class)
|
nonspecific beta agonist
|
|
|
isoproterenol s/e
|
tachycardia (beta 1)
|
|
|
beta-2 agonists used to treat asthma
how are they used? |
albuterol (acute)
salmeterol (long-acting; prophylaxis) |
|
|
theophylline
moa |
inhibiting phosphodiesterase-->
v cAMP hydrolysis --> bronchodilation |
|
|
theophylline is disposed of how?
|
metabolized by P-450
|
|
|
theophylline interactions
|
blocks actions of adenosine
|
|
|
theophylline s/e
|
usage is limited b/c narrow therapeutic index
cardiotoxicity neurotoxicity |
|
|
ipratropium is used for what lung conditions
|
asthma
COPD |
|
|
cromolyn moa
|
prevents release of mediators from mast cells
|
|
|
cromolyn use
|
prophylaxis of asthma
not effective during an asthmatic attack |
|
|
_ prevents release of mediators from mast cells
|
cromolyn
|
|
|
corticosteroids that treat asthma include
|
beclomethasone
prednisone |
|
|
corticosteroids that rx asthma
moa |
inhibit synthesis of virtually all cytokines
inactivate NF-kB, the transcription factor that induces production of TNF-alpha |
|
|
corticosteroids Rx
|
first-line therapy for chronic asthma
|
|
|
antileukotrienes for asthma include
|
zileuton
zafirlukast, montelukast |
|
|
zileuton moa
|
5-lipoxygenase pathway inhibitor
blocks conversion of arachidonic acid --> leukotrienes |
|
|
zafirlukast
montelukast moa |
block leukotriene receptors
|
|
|
_ is especially good to rx aspirin-induced asthma
|
zafirlukast
montelukast |
|
|
zafirlukast
montelukast they're especially good to rx |
aspirin-induced asthma
|
|
|
how are _ and beta agonists blood brothers in treating asthma?
|
cAMP --> bronchodilation
beta-agonists + adenylate cyclase theophylline - phosphodiesterase thereby both of them ^ cAMP |
|
|
two things (diagram) that cause bronchoconstriction
and what, respectively, blocks them |
ACh
Adenosine muscarinic antagonists theophylline |
|
|
early asthma response
late asthma response |
bronchoconstriction
inflammation--> bronchial hyperreactivity |
|
|
expectorants include
|
guaifenesin
N-acetylcystine |
|
|
guaifenesin
moa |
expectorant--removes excess sputum
does not suppress cough reflex |
|
|
N-acetylcysteine
rx |
mucolytic--can loosen mucous plugs in CF patients
antidote for acetaminophen overdose |
|
|
bosentan rx
|
pulmonary hypertension
|
|
|
bosentan moa
|
competitive antagonist for endothelin-1 receptors -->
v pulmonary vascular resistance |
|
|
a drug used to treat pulmonary htn
|
bosentan
|
