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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Defining characteristics of crusaceans
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Head, Thorax, Abdomen
Fusion of head and thorax first antenna, mandible, second antenna, first maxilla and second maxilla 5 head appendages Biramous |
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name 5 head appendages on crustaceans
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1Antennular somite
2antennal somite 3mandibular somite 4maxillulary somite 5maxillary somite |
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Food handling appendages on crustaceans
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maxilliped and chelliped
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name of eye on a crustacean
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stalked eye
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name and identify the parts of the crustacean appendages
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protopodite-proximal section, gills or swimming
exopodite endopodite |
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type of larvae that crustaceans have
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nauplius larvae
clear |
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eye characteristics of crustaceans
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simple ocelli and compound eyes (usually on elevated stalks)
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how do crustaceans administer gas exchange
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Water enters at base of chiliped, aqueous diffusion across branchial "gill" surfaces, exits thru paired nephridial structures (green glands and maxillary glands)
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crustacean excretion
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diffusion across gills (if they are present), Paired nephridial structures (antennal glands or green glands and maxillary glands)
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Subclass Malacostraca has what Order in it?
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Decapoda (lobsters, crabs, shrimp, crayfish)
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Characteristics of order decapoda?
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5 pair of swimming legs
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Facts about shrimp
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considered primitive group
laterally compressed exoskeleton is then/flexible often pelagic, appendages modified for swimming some benthic, hide in borrows |
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Facts about lobsters/crayfish
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dorsoventrally flattened
heavy bodied fresh or marine first walking legs - large claw typically live in crevices or borrows |
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facts about crabs
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shortened body plan
abdomen carried ventrally large claws for defense walk sideways - very fast highly diverse, largest arthropod |
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identify the following on a picture of a crab
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first antenna
second antenna stalked eye carapace cheliped maxilliped telson |
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What are the two orders under the Subclass Branchipoda under phylum arthropoda?
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Cladocera and
Anacostraca |
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how do Branchipoda feed?
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filter feed, few carnivores
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What are characteristic of the branchipoda? function?
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Coxa (leg appendage) modified to form large, flattened paddle. Used for gas exchange and locomotion
2 maxillae are reduced or absent typically paired comound eye and single simple eye |
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Charactertistics of Order Cladocera
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2nd antennae for swimming
parthenogenesis common (egg dev w/o fertilization) stress induces females to produce males (sex reproduction) cyclomorphism (seasonal body form change) Ephippium - molting of carapace "Daphnia" |
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ephippium
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molting of carapace. Used a as a modified egg case for the Cladoceras
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Cyclomorphism
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seasonal changes in body form, a response to predation
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parthenogenesis
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egg development without fertilization
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Order Anostraca
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Class Crustacea
Subclass Branchipoda Order Anostraca lack carapace or head shield very small appendages are biramous stalked eye "fairy shrimp" |
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Brine shrimp taxa
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Phylum Arthropoda
Class Crustacea Subclass Branchipoda Order Anostraca Genus Artemia |
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artemia and salinity
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occurs in saline lakes worldwide
tolerant of a wide range of salinity from 10% to 30% Maintains salt concentrations in blood of 1-3% by excretion of salt through gills |
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Describe the Artemia life cycle
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2 generations per year
eggs produce nauplii nauplii mature to adults live brith of second generation these mature to lay eggs that can diapause |
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Subclass Ostracoda
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Phylum arthropoda
Class crustacea very small MOSTLY HEAD 5 pair appendages: 2 antennae, 1 mandible, 2 maxillae trunk at most 2 pairs appendages No external sign of segmentation body is encased in calcificed, bivalved carapace lack growth rings antennae used for locomotion variety of feeding strategies |
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Subclass Copepoda
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Class Crustacea
Subclass Copepoda very diverse habitat, do well almost everywhere can be paracitic thorax w/6 segments, abdomen with 5 segments head + 1st thoracic segment is fesed - no carapace, but cephaic shield instead NO abdominal appendages naupliar eye |
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naupliar eye
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eye of a copepoda, single in middle of head
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What are some functions of copepoda appendages
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Locomotion
Mating Sensory Food acquistion |
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what adaptations do male copepods have for mating?
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males have one or both of 1st antennae modified with a hinge to capture females
5th thoracic appendages bear claw modified for holding female |
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which appendages do copepoda use for food aquistion
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1st and 2nd maxillae
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Subclass Cirripedia
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Phylum Arthropoda
Class Crustacea Subclass Cirripedia Barnacles primarily hermaphroditic, some have sep. sexes. Never fertilize themselves Compound eye secondarily lost and median eyes reduced or absent in adults modified for attachement thoracic limbs modified as filtering cirri no abdomen colonizers and play important role in ecology of intertidal zone and mangrove swamps Adults move by commnesalism with other species Larvae are mobile |
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Subclass Pentastomida
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Phylum Arthropoda
Class Crustacea Tounge worms all parasitic, lungs and nasal passages of vertebrates appendages highly reduced and modified, 2nd pair with claws Show both annelid and arthropod charact Cuticle is w/o chitin, mouthparts = four pairs of chitinous hooks larval legs unjointed and adults legless |
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cirri
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suspension feeder feeding apparatus in Cirripedia
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name and identify parts of a lophophore
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Tentacles of lophophore, anus, mouth
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Lophophore feeding
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Cilliary mucus suspension feeders
Tentacles bear cilia action of cilia drives water into the ring of tentacles from the top and outward between individual structures Capture of suspended food particles and conducted to mouth by way of food groove |
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3 phyla categorized as lophophorates
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Phoronida
Branchiopoda Bryozoa |
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Characteristics of Phylum Phoronida
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Trimeric, Veriform
Body divided into: Coelom, U shaped gut, anus close to mouth, circ. system closed, dioecious or hermaphroditic |
