Year 12 English Terms

Front 1

Allegory

Back 1

Story with a double meaning: one primary (on the surface) and one secondary.

Front 2

Alliteration

Back 2

Repitition of consonants at the start of words or in a sentence or phrase.

Hint 2

Apple and ants

Front 3

Anaphora

Back 3

Specific type of repitition where the first part of a sentence is repeated in following sentences.

Hint 3

I had a dream... I had a dream...

Front 4

Cliche

Back 4

An over-used, commom expression.

Front 5

Consonance

Back 5

Repetition of consonants throughout a sentence or phrase.

Front 6

Contrast

Back 6

Strong comparisons, including; paradox, antithesis, oxymoron, juxtaposition, contrast in description etc.

Front 7

Didactic

Back 7

Any text that instructs the reader or is obviously delivering a moral message.

Front 8

Disjunction

Back 8

A conjunction (e.g. 'but' or 'yet') that dramatically interrupts rhythm of sentence.

Front 9

Dramatic Irony

Back 9

Technique where the audience knows more about a character's situation than they do. Creates anticipation.

Front 10

Ellipsis

Back 10

A dramatoc pause (...) creates tension or suggests words can't be spoken.

Hint 10

...

Front 11

Emotive Language

Back 11

Words that stir the readers' emotions.

Front 12

Enjambment

Back 12

A poetic technique, when a sentence or phrase runs over more than one line (or stanza). This assists the flow of the poem.

Front 13

Euphemisn

Back 13

Mild expression used to replace a harsh one.

Front 14

Exclamation

Back 14

Exclamatory sentence ending in '!' to convey high emotion.

Front 15

Form

Back 15

Purpose and features of a text influence its construction and will suggest its structure.

Front 16

Foreshadowing

Back 16

Where the author hints at what is going to happen later in the text.

Front 17

Figurative language & sound devices

Back 17

Metaphor, mentonymy, hyperpole, simile, personification, assonance, alliteration, consonance, onomatopoeia, etc. These devices have a powerful impact as they work on our senses to strengthen the subject matter of the text.

Front 18

Fractured/Truncated sentences

Back 18

Incomplete sentences used to increase tension or urgency, or reflect the way people speak to each other.

Front 19

Gaps & silences

Back 19

What is not said; whose voice isn't heard and whose voice dominates?

Front 20

Humour

Back 20

Incongruity, parody, satire, exaggeration, irony, puns etc. Used to lighten the overall tone.

Front 21

Hyperpole

Back 21

Extreme exaggeration, often for comedic effect.

Front 22

Icons

Back 22

A single person, object or image that represents complex ideas and feelings.

Front 23

Imagery

Back 23

Vivid pictures created by words. Reader visualises character/setting clearly.

Front 24

Imperative Voice

Back 24

Forceful use of the verb at the start of sentence or phrase.

Hint 24

Run.

Front 25

Intertextuality

Back 25

A text makes reference to other texts, may be explicit, implied or inferred.

Front 26

Irony

Back 26

Gap between what is said and what is meant.

Front 27

Juxtaposition

Back 27

Layering images/scenes to have a dramatic impact.

Front 28

Level of usuage of language

Back 28

Slang, colloquial, informal or formal.

Front 29

Linear

Back 29

Sequential - in chronological order.

Front 30

Metaphor

Back 30

Comparison of 2 objects where one becomes another - adds further layers of meaning about object being compared.

Front 31

Modality

Back 31

The force the words are delivered at. High modality = forceful. Low modality = gentle.

Front 32

Non-linear

Back 32

Non-sequencial narrative, events do not occur in chronological order.

Front 33

Onomatopoeia

Back 33

A word that echos the sound it represents. Reader hears what is happening.

Front 34

Parody

Back 34

Conscious imitation for a satiric purpose.

Front 35

Person

Back 35

First, second or third person. First (I, me, we, us). Second (you). Third (he, him, she, her, it, they, them).

Front 36

Personification

Back 36

Humam characteristics given to a non-human object. Inanimate objects take on a life.

Front 37

Perspective

Back 37

A particular way of looking at individuals, issues, events, texts, facts etc.

Front 38

Plosive consonants

Back 38

Harsh sounds in a sentence or phrase.

Front 39

Repetition

Back 39

Of words or syntax (order of words) for emphasis or persuasion.

Front 40

Representation

Back 40

How a composer conveys meaning through textual features.

Front 41

Rhetorical Questions

Back 41

Questions that are used for effect/to state an opinion. They don't require an answer.

Front 42

Satire

Back 42

Composition which ridicules in a scornful & humorous way.

Front 43

Setting

Back 43

Location of a story - internal and external

Front 44

Sibilance

Back 44

Repetition of 's' - can sounds melodious and sweet or cold or icy.

Front 45

Simile

Back 45

Comparison of 2 objects using 'like' or 'as'.

Front 46

Symbolism

Back 46

When an object represents one or more (often complex) ideas.

Front 47

Syntax - sentence structure

Back 47

Short, simple sentences or truncated sentences create tension, haste or urgency; compound or complex sentences are slower, often in formal texts.

Front 48

Tense

Back 48

Present, past or future.

Front 49

Theme

Back 49

Message or moral of a story - makes us ponder bigger issues in life.

Front 50

Tone

Back 50

The way composer or character feels - conveyed by word choice.

Front 51

Word choice or Diction

Back 51

Emotive, forceful, factual, descriptive, blunt, graphic, disturbing, informative etc. E.g. use of forceful verbs 'insist' & 'demand' can be very persuasive.