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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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this inhibits topo II (gyrase- which allows replication at the fork) and IV (which separates newly created DNA strands) therefore inhibiting the supercoiling and doesnt allow for reformation of double helix
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flouroquinolones
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which fluoroquinolones have the best G- coverage
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levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin
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which 2 3rd gen fluoroquinolones don't treat UTI's
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gemifloxacin and moxifloxacin
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this 3rd gen fluoroquinolone mainly treats pseudomonas.
which one treats anaerobes? which one is PO only |
levofloxacin = pseudomonas and atypicals
moxifloxacin= anaerobes gemifloxacin = PO only |
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what is the DOC for atypicals and pseudomonas?
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ciprofloxacin
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what do 3rd generation fluoroquinolones cover?
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g+
strep pneumoniae enterococcus faecalis levo= pseudomonas, atypicals g- bac **ANTI PNEUMOCOCCAL, RESP QUINOILONES, ABOVE THE WAIST |
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what is used to treat below the waist STI/UTI
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ciprofloxacin
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what is used to treat anthrax and resp tract infections NOT including strep pneum
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cipro
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what is metabolized by CYP 1A2
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cipro
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what are the se of fluoroquinolones
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complex with metallic ions, must separate if contained in food
CNS effects such as HA, dizziness, insomnia, hallucinations cartilage damage in young people/children -avoid if pregnant tendon rupture in elderly and women gemifloxacin - rash |
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this is given both IV and PO and is used to treat PCP, toxo, uncommon bacteria such as stenotrophomonas, multophilia, nocardia.
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Sulfonamides and trimethoprim
SMX - TMP |
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what is the DOC for tx of ulcerative colitis, crohns dz
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sulfasalazine
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DOC for leprosy, brown recluse spider bites
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dapsone
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DOC for topic burns
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silver sulfadiazine
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what blocks dihydrofolate reductase --> no THF
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trimethoprim
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what is an analogue of PABA, and competes for binding at the enzyme therefore inhibiting conversion of PABA -->dihydrofolic acid
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sulfonamide
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what is TMP/SMX mainly used for?
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bladder UTI
CA-MRSA PCP |
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what are some SE of SMX-TMP
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highly protein bound , kernicterus, don't use in infants or if breast feeding, allergy, rash
could lead to fatal SJS |
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this TB drug is PO mostly and is 1st line monoRx for LTBI and 1st line combo with pza, rif, emb for active tb
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isoniazid
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this tb drug acts through competitive antagonism and inhibits mycolic acid synthesis
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INH
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this is safe in pregnancy but gives you peripheral neuropathy and should supplement with vit B6
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INH
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this gives you no hepatotoxicity but has retrobulbar neuritis as a SE. contraindicated in children
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ethambutol
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this is monoRx for bacterial meningitis and used as a combo everywhere else
it inhibits DNA dependent RNA pol |
rifampin IV/PO
all others are mainly PO |
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what are some SE of rifampin
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drug interactions CYP 450, hepatotoxicity, hyperbilirubinemia, thrombocytopenia, orange discoloration of body fluids
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this is given IV/PO and is used if there are intolerable SE with rifampin
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rifabutin
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what are some second line drugs to use for active TB
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fluoroquinolones (levo and moxi) PO/IV
amikacin IV/IM streptomycin IV/IM cycloserin PO ethionamide PO P-aminosalicylic acid PO |
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which seocnd line TB drug prevents peptide bond formation and SE as CNS : HA , restlessness, psychosis, seizures
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cycloserine
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what is contraindicated in pregnancy, has hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity and GI upset in the second line drugs?
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ethionamide PO . similar to INH
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what competes with PABA and is similar to sulfonamides
SE: hypothyroidism, GI upset, hepatoxicity |
P-aminosalicylic acid
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