Xxx - Micro Gp Bacteria

Front 1

LAB ALGORITHM

- how do you separate Staph. vs. Strep?

Back 1

Staphylococcus = Catalase positive

Streptococcus = Catalase negative

Front 2

LAB ALGORITHM

- how do you separate Staph. aureus from other Staph. spp?

Back 2

- Staph. aureus = Coagulase positive

- other Staph. spp = Coagulase negative

Front 3

LAB ALGORITHM

- how do you separate Staph. epidermidis vs. Staph. saprophyticus?

Back 3

("No StRESs")

Staph. Epidermidis = Novobiocin sensitive

Staph. Saprophyticus = Novobiocin resistant

Front 4

LAB ALGORITHM

- Hemolytic test for Staph. aureus shows what?

Back 4

- Beta hemolytic

(same with Strep. pyogenes & Strep. agalactiae)

Front 5

LAB ALGORITHM

- name the Alpha-Hemolytic Streptococi

Back 5

- Strep. Pneumoniae

- Strep. Viridans

Front 6

LAB ALGORITHM

- name the Beta-Hemolytic Streptococci

Back 6

- Strep. Pyogenes (GAS)

- Strep. Agalactiae (GBS)

Front 7

LAB ALGORITHM

- name the Gamma-Hemolytic Streptococci

Back 7

- Enterococci spp

- Peptostreptococci

Front 8

LAB ALGORITHM

- how do you separate out Alpha hemolytic streptococci?

Back 8

(Overpass = OVRPS)

Strep. Pneumoniae
= Optochin Sensitive
(& Bile Soluble)

Strep. Viridans = Optochin Resistant
(& Bile Insoluble)

Front 9

LAB ALGORITHM

- how do you separate out Beta Hemolytic streptococci?

Back 9

("B-BRAS")

GBS (Strep. Agalactiae)
- Bacitracin Resistant

GAS (Strep. Pyogenes)
- Bacitracin Sensitive

Front 10

LAB ALGORITHM

- List all the BETA-HEMOLYTIC bacterial organisms

Back 10

- Staph. aureus
- Strep. pyogenes (GAS)
- Strep. agalactiae (GBS)
- Listeria monocytes

Front 11

H2O2 can be turned into microbicidal products via what enzyme?

What bacterial enzyme can counter this?

Back 11

- Myeloperoxidase

- Catalase postitive bacteria (Staph. spp) can covert H2O2 into something else before myeloperoxidase works on it.

Front 12

Catalase positive organisms cause recurrent infections in people with what Dz?

Etiology of the disease?

Back 12

- Chronic Granulomatous Dz (CGD)

- NADPH Oxidase deficiency

Front 13

MRSA is resistant to Beta-Lactams due to what?

Back 13

- altered PCN-Binding Protein

Front 14

Staph. aureus food poisoning is due to what?

Back 14

- ingestion of preformed toxins

Front 15

Pneumococcus (Strep. pneumoniae) is the MCC of what diseases?

Back 15

(MOPS = Most OPtochin Sensitive)

- Meningitis
- Otitis Media (in kids)
- Pneumonia
- Sinusitis

Front 16

Which GP group causes dental caries?

Back 16

- Strep. mutans

(which is a Strep. Viridans member)

Front 17

Which GP group causes subacute bacteial endocarditis?

Back 17

- Strep. sanguis

(which is a Strep. Viridans member)

Front 18

Strep. Viridans

- Sensitive/Resistant to?
- Normal Flora of?

Back 18

- Resistant Optochin

- Oropharynx

Front 19

Strep. Pyogenes (GAS)

- Sensitive/Resistant to?
- pyogenic pharyngitis can lead to?

Back 19

- Sensitive to Bacitracin

(PHaryngitis leads to PHever & glomerulonePHritis)
- Rheumatic Fever
- Glomerulonephritis

Front 20

Strep. Pyogenes (GAS)

- Antibodies to what virulence factor can enhance host defenses against GAS infections?

- but what is the draw back of these Ab?

Back 20

- M protein

- can lead to Rheumatic Fever

Front 21

ASO titer detects infection of what?

Back 21

- GAS
(Strep. Pyogenes)

Front 22

Which Streptococcal organisms colonize the vagina?

Clinical correlation

Back 22

- Strep. Agalactiae (GBS)

- Causes disease mainly in Babies
(meningitis, pneumonia, & sepsis)

Front 23

Which Streptococcal organisms produce CAMP factor (enlarging area of hemolysis)

Back 23

- Strep. Agalactiae (GBS)

Front 24

In order to check for GBS infections, pregnant women should be checked when?

If positive culture, then what is Tx?

Back 24

- 35th to 37th week

- Intrapartum PCN prophylaxis

Front 25

Which Streptococcal group can grow in 6.5% NaCl & Bile?

Back 25

Enterococcus (Group D Strep)

(note: strep pneumo is bile soluble)

Front 26

Which Streptococcal organism can cause Bacteremia in Colon CA patients?

What else does it cause in Colon CA patients?

Back 26

- Strep. bovis (Group D Strep)

- Subacute Endocarditis

Front 27

Lab Diagnosis for Cornyebacterium Diphtheriae shows gram positive rods with ______

Back 27

- Metachromatic (red & blue) Granules

Front 28

What can prevent Diphteria?

Back 28

- Toxoid vaccine

Front 29

Diphtheria exotoxin

- ADP ribosylation inhibits what protein?

- thus inhibiting what process?

Back 29

- EF-2

- Protein synthesis

Front 30

What process kills spores?

Back 30

- Autoclave

Front 31

Floppy Baby Syndrome

- associated with what organisms?
- babies usually get it how?
- What is the pathophysiology?

Back 31

- Clostridium Botulinum

- Ingesting Spores (esp. in honey)

- inhibition of ACh at Neuromuscular junction

Front 32

Clostridium Botulinum

- affects adults by ingestion of?
- affects babies by ingestion of?

Back 32

- Preformed toxins

- Spores

Front 33

PSEUDOMEMBRANE COLITIS

- associated organism
- associated toxins

Back 33

- Clostridium difficile

- Toxin A (binds to brush border)
- Toxin B (destroys cytoskeletal)

Front 34

PSEUDOMEMBRANE COLITIS

- diagnostic?
- usually due to what predisposition?

Back 34

- Either/or Toxin A or B in stool

- Prior Antibiotic use
(esp. Clindamycin or Ampicillin)

Front 35

Black Eschar

- what is it?
- seen in what disease
- caused by what organism?
- caused by what toxin
- can progress to?

Back 35

- Painless skin ulcer

- Cutaneous Anthrax

- Bacillus anthracis

- Anthrax Toxin (ADP-ribosylating)

- Bacteremia & Death

Front 36

Pulmonary Anthrax

- infected by what process?
- rapid progression to?
- AKA?

Back 36

- Inhalation of SPORES

- fever, PULMONARY HEMORRHAGE, mediastinitis, & shock

- Woolsorter's Dz

Front 37

Actinomyces is part of the normal flora where?

Can cause what dz?

Back 37

- Oral Flora

- Oral/Facial Abscesses
(that may drain thru the sinus tracts)

Front 38

Norcardia causes what Dz in immunocompromised individuals?

Back 38

- Pulmonary infection.

Front 39

Treat Actinomyces how?

Treat Nocardia how?

Back 39

(SNAP)

Sulfa for Nocardia

PCN for Actinomyces

Front 40

Facultative Intracellular organism that can be acquired by eating unpasteurized milk/cheese, and cause spontaneous abortions.

Back 40

- Listeria monocytogenes

Front 41

GHON COMPLEX

- what is it?
- involves what lymph nodes?
- usually located where in lungs?
- reflects what about the infection

Back 41

- TB Granuloma

- Lobar & Perihilar LN

- Lower Lobe

- Primary infection/exposure

Front 42

Secondary TB

- what kind of lesions are seen
- where in lungs?

Back 42

- Fibrocaseous cavitary lesion

- Upper Lobe

Front 43

Primary TB

- lesion usually heals via what process

Back 43

- Fibrosis

Front 44

MYCOBACTERIUM

- which one causes Disseminated Dz in AIDS patients?

- how do you treat these patients?

Back 44

- MAC

- Prophylactic Tx with Azithromycin

Front 45

Leprosy (Hansen's Dz)

- causative organism

Back 45

- Mycobacteria Leprae

Front 46

Leprosy (Hansen's Dz)

- what immune response is needed?

- if intact, causes which type? Sx?
- if compromised, causes which type? Sx?

Back 46

- T-cell immunity

- Tuberculoid (skin nodules)

- Leprematous (necrotic skin)

Front 47

Leprosy (Hansen's Dz)

- Long term treatment with?

Back 47

- Dapsone

Front 48

Leprosy (Hansen's Dz)

- which type is lethal?

Back 48

- Leprematous