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75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
mech and use TCA (incl specific uses of 2)
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mech: block reuptake NE, serotonin
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use: depression, bedwet (imipramine), OCD (clomipramine)
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SE phenytoin
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nystagmus, diplopia, ataxia, sedation, gingival hyperplasia, hirsutism, anemias, teratogen, peripheral neuro, rare malignant hyperthermia
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Lithium, mech and use
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mech: ? inhibits phosphoinositol cascade
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use: bipolar, acute/relapse mania
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Brimonidine
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alpha agonist used in glaucoma to decr aq humor syn (no SE)
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cholinomimetics used tx glaucoma: names, mech, SE
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pilocarpine, carbachol, physiostigmine, echothiophate
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SE: miosis, cyclospasm
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Chlordiazepoxide
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a benzo
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Neostigmine (3 uses)
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anti CE, used for post-op ileus and urinary retention, MG, reversal NMJ block
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SE valproic acid (3)
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measure LFT, rare but fatal hepatotoxicity
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NT defects (spina bifida), GI
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Thioridazine
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anti psych
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mech tardive dyskinesia
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oral facial mvmt due to D R sensitization long term anti-psych use
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evolution EPS SE
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4h acute dystonia
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4mo tradive dyskinesia (irrev)
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Thiopental
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barbituate used in induction anesth
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SE MAOI
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HTN crisis w tyramine and meperidine, CNS stim
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contraindicated w SSRI, b agonist!!!
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tx OD benzos
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flumazenil (competit antag at GABA R)
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5 ex DA agents used in PD
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Ldopa/carbidopa, bromocriptine, pramipexole, ropinirole, amantadine
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what use for atropine OD
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physistigmine (anti CE)
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Doxepin
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TCA
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general toxicity of antipsych
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EPS, sedation, endo, SE from blocking muscarinic, alpha and His R
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Topiramate
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for partial sz only,
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mech: block Na channels, increase GABA action
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ex MAOI used in PD,
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selegiline, selective MAO B inhibitor
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SE Lithium (4)
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tremor, hypothyroid, polyuria (nephrogenic DI), teratogen.
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narrow therapeutic range requires close monitor serum levels
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serotonin syndrome
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SSRI + MAOI (hyperthermia, mscl rigidity, CVS collapse)
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advantages of atypical anti psych
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useful for + and - sx
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fewer EPS, antichol
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valproic acid
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used in t/c sz and absence sz,
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mech increase Na channel inactiv, incr GABA concentration
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selegiline, mech, use, SE
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used in PD as adjunct to Ldopa, inhibits MAO-B increasing availability of DA,
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SE: may enhance adverse effects of L-dopa
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Citalopram
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SSRI
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Nortriptyline
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2 TCA (less anti-chol than 3TCA)
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SE ethosuximide
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anti-epileptic but only for general sz, works by blocking thalamic T type Ca channels
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GI distress, lethargy, HA, urticaria, Stevens-Johnson
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name 4 SSRIs
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Ethosuximide
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anti-epileptic but only for general sz, works by blocking thalamic T type Ca channels
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SE phenoxybenzamine
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(irrev alpha blocker, used for pheo) orthostatic HTN, reflex tachycardia
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SE topiramate
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sedation, mental dulling, kidney stones, weight loss
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mech: block Na channels, increase GABA action
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Maprotiline
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heterocyclic blocks NE uptake use in depression
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and tx?
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1) Neuroeleptic malignant syndrome-rigidity, auto instability, hyperpyrexia
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tx: dantrolene and D agonist
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SE Phenobarbital
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anti-epileptic for partial and general t/c, works by incr GABAa action
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sedation, induce P450, tolerance, dependence
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SE gabapentin
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sedation, mvmt
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mech: incr GABA release
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Phenobarbital
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anti-epileptic for partial and general t/c, works by incr GABAa action
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toxicity of TCAs
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convulsions, coma, cardiotoxicity (arrhythmias), respir depression, hyperpyrexia.
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elderly: confusion, hallucinations (2/2 anti chol)
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muscarinic cholinoR blockers include (4) (use)
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atropine, beztropine (PD), scopolamine (motion sickness), ipratropium (asthma, COPD)
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Lamotrigine
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used in partial sz and generalized tonic clonic,
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mech: blocks voltage gated Na
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Amitriptyline
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3 TCA, with more anti chol than 2 TCA
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benzodiazepines: use, mech
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use: anxity, spasticity, status epilepticus (diazepam), detox (EtOH wdrawal DT)
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note: most have long t1/2 and active metabolites
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SE trazodone
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sedation, nausea, priapism, hypotension
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antipsychotics name 4
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thioridazine, haloperidol, fluphenazine, chlorpromazine
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2 uses of phenytoin, mech
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1) grand mal sz
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use-dependent blockade of Na channels
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phenytoin MOA
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increases Na channel inactivation--use dependent Na channels
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toxicity of SSRI
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CNS stim, anxiety, insomnia, tremor, anorexia, N/V
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-Serotonin syndrome w MAOI (hyperthermia, mscl rigidity, CVS collapse)
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name atypical antipsych
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clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone
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Desipramine
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TCA, least sedating
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SE atypical anti-psych
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fewer EPS and antichol, clozapine requires wkly WBC bc agranulocytosis
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Phentolamine
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reversible alpha blocker (like irrev phenoxybenzamine) used for pheo
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effect alpha 1 R
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-vasoconstriction GI
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-ejac
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Venlafaxine
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heterocyclic, inhibit serotonin, NE, and D reuptake, use depression and general anxiety disorder
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