Xtri 5 Labdx Test 2

Front 1

Fe, b12, Folic Acid, or a combination of these would cause what anemia?

Back 1

Factor deficiency anemia

Front 2

Failure of blood forming organs to produce or delivery mature RBC's?

Back 2

Product defect anemia

Front 3

Fe absorption is increased by?

Back 3

Vit C, 45 min before eating food

Front 4

Fe absorption is decreased by?

Back 4

Coffee, tea, dairy products, and foods with high fiber content.

Front 5

True or false, iron is absorbed in human milk better than its absorbed in cows milk?

Back 5

True

Front 6

Primary storage form of iron is?

Back 6

Ferritin

Front 7

Most common cause of anemia?

Back 7

Bleeding

Front 8

Gold standard for iron deficiency anemia?

Back 8

Bone marrow becomes deficient first, then serum iron decreases next.

Front 9

RDW & Fe deficient anemia?

Back 9

RDW increases

Front 10

More sensitive test for iron deficiency than bone marrow?

Back 10

Serum ferritin

Front 11

decresed MCV & increased RDW?

Back 11

chronic iron deficiency

Front 12

decreased SI & decreased TIBC suggest ?

Back 12

Chronic Dz

Front 13

decreased SI & Increased TIBC suggest?

Back 13

Acute Fe deficiency

Front 14

Decreased SI & decreased %TS suggest?

Back 14

Thalassemia minor

Front 15

Large doses of what can make B12 appear low?

Back 15

Vit C

Front 16

Functional test for B12 deficiency

Back 16

Methyl Malonic Acid (MMA)

Front 17

definitive test for PA?

Back 17

Schilling test

Front 18

Folic acid deficiency test causes megaloblastic anemia indistinguishable from PA, EXCEPT FOR?

Back 18

Schilling test

Front 19

Pyridoxine deficiency is classified as?

Back 19

Sideroblastic anemia, resembling a chronic Fe deficiency

Front 20

T of F Retics are usually decreased for lab tests of hemolytic anemia?

Back 20

F usually increased

Front 21

Hemolytic anemia LDH, tell me about it!

Back 21

LDH-elevated LDH-1/LDH-2 ratio is usually reversed

Front 22

A sign for significant hemolysis

Back 22

Free hemoglobin in plasma or urine

Front 23

Hb A1

Back 23

Normal Hb with 1alpha & 1beta chain

Front 24

Hb A2

Back 24

2 Alpha & 2 Delta chain

Front 25

Thalassemia major, mediterranean origin; hypochromic nucleated Rbc's, decreased Hb A1 and increased Hb F?

Back 25

Coolet's Anemia

Front 26

Abetalipoproteinemia?

Back 26

Bassen Kornsweig Syndrome

Front 27

Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia AKA Acute myeloproliferative Leukemia; all involve what? and are characterized by what?

Back 27

Lymphocytes; characterized by pancytopenia

Front 28

M/C malignant Dz in children is ?

Back 28

ALL

Front 29

ALL is most common in children btw the ages of what?

Back 29

2-10

Front 30

Most common leukemia in the western hemisphere?

Back 30

CLL, Virl >50YOA

Front 31

2 age peeks; Reed sternberg cells; may be a mediastinal mass?

Back 31

Hodgkin's disease

Front 32

Caloric study used to evaluate what CN and which part of brain?

Back 32

CN VIII, temporal lobe

Front 33

Contraindications to caloric study

Back 33

Perforated eardrum and meinier's syndrome

Front 34

Cold water uses rotary nystagmus away or towards irrigated ear?

Back 34

Away, COWS= cold opposite, warm same

Front 35

hot water causes rotary nystagmus away or towards irrigated ear?

Back 35

towards

Front 36

Pt will experience what two things during caloric study?

Back 36

Nausea and dizziness, do not perform on an empty stomach

Front 37

Which ear should be tested first during caloric study?

Back 37

The suspected side

Front 38

If no symptoms occur in the caloric study, how many min should it be stopped?

Back 38

3

Front 39

After how many min after the first test on the caloric study should you test the other side?

Back 39

5

Front 40

What is recommended that the patient do after the caloric study test?

Back 40

Bed rest

Front 41

What is a normal finding in the cardiac stress test?

Back 41

Able to maintain 85% of max heart rate

Front 42

How is heart stressed if exercise is not safe for patient?

Back 42

Drugs

Front 43

What are some interfering factors concerning the cardiac stress test?

Back 43

Heavy meals, nicotine before test

Front 44

During the cardiac stress test, nicotine causes the heart to?

Back 44

Spasm

Front 45

Cardiac stress test can help identify?

Back 45

Coronary artery occlusive disease

Front 46

Manometry is the measurement of what?

Back 46

Pressure (bladder, LES, arteries, veins, urethra)

Front 47

What can be introduced into the the stomach and the esophagus for testing?

Back 47

Dilute Acid (HCL)

Front 48

What is a normal finding for acid clearing w/ esophageal manometry?

Back 48

<10 swallows

Front 49

Which test has dilute acid and saline solution alternately introduced?

Back 49

Bernstein test

Front 50

What is it called when their is an absence of tone in the LES allows reflux of gastric contents?

Back 50

Chalasia

Front 51

What is a common cause of vomiting in newborns?

Back 51

Chalasia

Front 52

What is it called when the LES does not relax and obstructs the passage of food into the mouth?

Back 52

Achalasia

Front 53

What is it called when the LES pressure is low, allowing stomach contents to enter the esophagus, causing irritation and inflammation?

Back 53

Gastroesophageal reflex and reflux esophagitis

Front 54

What can arterial plethysmography be used for to rule out?

Back 54

Malingering

Front 55

What is done to a pt with arterial plethysmography?

Back 55

reproduce pain, an increase in measured results.

Front 56

Malingering is ruled out if the rate and amplitude are significantly what?

Back 56

Increased

Front 57

What does the tourniquet test evaluate for?

Back 57

Caplillary fragility and platelet disorders

Front 58

What are the normal findings for the tourniquet test?

Back 58

<2 petechiae

Front 59

In one of two methods, a BP cuff is inflated to what? How long?

Back 59

70mmhg for 5 mins, other method is suction cup applied to skin for 1 min.

Front 60

Blood smear culture and sensitivity is used to detect the presence or absence of what in the blood?

Back 60

Bacteria

Front 61

If a patient is currently taking antibiotics, when should the specimen be drawn, before or after you take the next dose?

Back 61

Before you take the next dose

Front 62

Venipuncture for blood smear culture and sensitivity, must 1st clean with ?

Back 62

Bentadine

Front 63

Rbc color abnormalities: what is associated with iron def, thalassemia or heart disease?

Back 63

Hypochromia

Front 64

RBC color abnormalities: what is associated with concentrated hemoglobin usually casued by dehydration?

Back 64

Hyperchromia

Front 65

When you see howell-jolly bodies, what types of diseases do you expect?

Back 65

Hemolytic anemia, megaloblastic anemia

Front 66

What do they call particles of hemoglobin?

Back 66

Heinz bodies

Front 67

A bone marrow biopsy is used to confirm what diagnosis?

Back 67

Megoblastic anemia

Front 68

PaP smear is 95% accurate for what diagnosis?

Back 68

Cervical cancer

Front 69

a pap smear is 40% accurate for what type of cancer?

Back 69

endometrial

Front 70

Cell classification class 1?

Back 70

Normal cells

Front 71

Cell classification class 2?

Back 71

Atypical, usually caused by inflammation

Front 72

Cell classification class 3?

Back 72

Malignancy, but not conclusive

Front 73

Cell classification class 4?

Back 73

strongly suggestive of malignancy.

Front 74

Cell classification class 5?

Back 74

Conclusive of malignancy

Front 75

What system was developed by the national cancer institute?

Back 75

Bethesda

Front 76

A stool culture is used to identify what?

Back 76

bacteria and parasites

Front 77

Occult blood in a stool test?

Back 77

Gi cancer, peptic disease, VARICIES, ulcerative colitis, crohns

Front 78

Interfering factors for a stool test are?

Back 78

MEAT, turnips, horse radish, bleeding gums

Front 79

Serum bilirubin is a break down product of what?

Back 79

Hemoglobin

Front 80

Unconjugated bilirubin binds with _____ and is carried to the _____?

Back 80

Albumin, liver

Front 81

After unconjugated bilirubin is conjugated in the liver it goes where?

Back 81

Excreted in the bile

Front 82

Jaundice is a visible staining of the tissues with what?

Back 82

Bilirubin

Front 83

What is one of the causes of jaundice?

Back 83

Hemolysis

Front 84

During hemolysis what happens to the serum unconjugated bilirubin?

Back 84

increased

Front 85

During hemolysis what happens to serum conjugated bilirubin?

Back 85

Remains normal

Front 86

During obstructive jaundice serum conjugated bilirubin initially ____unconjugated bilirubin?

Back 86

Exceeds, after several days the ratio approaches 1:1

Front 87

How can you differentiate between bone ALP and liver ALP?

Back 87

Jaundice indicates part is from liver. Electrophoresis is more reliable

Front 88

A ratio of >1 for AST/ALT is considered a _____sign and can be related to alcohol cirrhosis, liver congestion, metastatic tumor?

Back 88

>1 Serious sign

Front 89

What usually elevates ALT

Back 89

Liver disease

Front 90

PT is dependent on what vitamin?

Back 90

Vitamin K

Front 91

The most common cause of abnormal PT is what>

Back 91

Liver DZ, decrease bile salts, dec Vit K,

Front 92

Which level of bile acid assays more sensitive than fasting level?

Back 92

2 hour post prandial (after you have eaten)

Front 93

What type of serum ptn decreases with liver dysfunction

Back 93

albumen

Front 94

hepatitis is associated with levels of what?

Back 94

gamma globulin

Front 95

biliary obstruction is associated with levels of what?

Back 95

Beta globulin

Front 96

Urea is formed in the liver from various sources of ammonia that come mostly from where?

Back 96

Protein splitting bacteria in the GI tract

Front 97

What is common to see in lab findings of acute viral hepatitis?

Back 97

Leukopenia and relative lymphocytosis & atypical lymphocytes

Front 98

With acute cholecystitis what lab findings MAY you see?

Back 98

Increased Serum amylase