X_Cardiology_Hour4 Exam1 Dcom Oms2

Front 1

what is the role of chylomicrons:

Back 1

transport dietary lipids from the intestines to other locations in the body

Front 2

what are the proteins in chylomicrons called:

Back 2

Apolipoproteins

Front 3

what are the important apolipoproteins in chylomicrons:

Back 3

apo-b48
apo-c2
apo-c3

Front 4

what is HMG-CoA reductase:

Back 4

rate controlling enzyme of the metabolic pathway that produces cholesterol

Front 5

how do statins work:

Back 5

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors

Front 6

what is the action of insulin on HMG-CoA reductase:

Back 6

activates

Front 7

what is the action of glucagon on HMG-CoA reductase:

Back 7

inhibits

Front 8

what is the function of ACAT:

Back 8

intracellular enzyme that converts cholesterol into storage form of cholesterol

Front 9

what activates ACAT:

Back 9

cholesterol

Front 10

what is the function of LCAT:

Back 10

extracellularly converts free cholesterol into cholesteryl ester which is then sequestered into the core of a lipoprotein particle

Front 11

in the liver cell, an over supply of cholesterol activates what enzyme:
and inhibits what activity:
and inhibits what enzyme:

Back 11

ACAT
synthesis of LDL receptors
HMG-CoA reductase

Front 12

what is the function of LDL receptors:

Back 12

mediates the endocytosis of cholesterol-rich LDL.

Front 13

where do you find LDL receptors:

Back 13

mainly in the liver

Front 14

the LDL cell-surface receptor recognizes the ___ which is embedded in the phospholipid outer layer of LDL particles

Back 14

apoprotein B100

Front 15

what is the defect in Familial Hypercholesterolemia:

Back 15

defective LDL receptor synthesis

Front 16

what does a high cholesterol diet do to the LDL receptor:

Back 16

represses LDL receptor synthesis

Front 17

what is the function of HDL:

Back 17

accumulates cholesteryl esters made by LCAT and returns the cholesterol to the liver where it is removed

Front 18

LCAT is activated by ___ on HDL

Back 18

ApoA-I

Front 19

what is the function of ApoB-100:

Back 19

binds to LDL receptor

Front 20

what apolipoprotein binds to LDL receptor:

Back 20

ApoB-100

Front 21

what apolipoprotein activates lipoprotein lipase:

Back 21

ApoC-II

Front 22

what is the function of ApoC-II:

Back 22

activates lipoprotein lipase

Front 23

what apolipoprotein triggers clearance of VLDL and chylomicron remnants:

Back 23

ApoE

Front 24

what is the function of ApoE:

Back 24

triggers clearance of VLDL and chylomicron remnants

Front 25

what happens when chylomicrons and VLDLs lose ApoC-II:

Back 25

becomes remnants and APOE identifies them for liver endocytosis and breakdown

Front 26

what does Cholesterol Ester Transfer Protein do:

Back 26

collects triglycerides fromVLDL or LDL and exchanges them for cholesteryl esters from HDL (and vice versa) or triglyceride for a triglyceride or a cholesteryl ester for a cholesteryl ester

Front 27

what is the deficiency in type I Hyperlipoproteinemias:

what is the result:

Back 27

ApoC-II deficiency

triglycerides greatly increased

Front 28

what is the deficiency in type II Hyperlipoproteinemias:

what is the result:

Back 28

LDL receptor abnormal

LDL and cholesterol increased

Front 29

type II Hyperlipoproteinemia is also known as what:

Back 29

Familial Hypercholesterolemia