Wy History 1251 Test 1

Front 1

Francios and Louis Joseph Verendrye

Back 1

-Fur Traders
-came from Canada
-looking for a shortcut to the western sea for the French Government

Front 2

John Colter

Back 2

-1st white American in WY
-broke off from the Lewis and Clark expedition
-connected with Manuel Lisa and sent to invite Crow Indians to the new trade post and subsequently discovered Colter's Hell, Jackson Hole, and Yellowstone Park
-Gave a verbal account to Clark three years later of the lay of the land that Clark made into a map which is fairly accurate.

Front 3

Manuel Lisa

Back 3

-Prominent Spanish fur trader out of St. Louis

Front 4

John Jacob Astor

Back 4

-head of the American Fur Company and its subsidiary the Pacific Fur Company

Front 5

Wilson Price Hunt

Back 5

-Sent by Astor to to take charge of a trading post at Astoria, Oregon
-his Expedition was known as the Overland Astorians, and was the first to cross the Continent sense Lewis and Clark
-Crossed through the Big Horn Mountains
-Traded with the Shoshonis for Beaver pelts
-Encountered Crow and Arapaho tribes in Wyoming

Front 6

The Astorians

Back 6

-Hunts party to Oregon
-Led by Edward Rose till he went to live with the Crow, He later helped them navigate through the big horn mtns
-a 7 man break off party discovered South Pass

Front 7

The American Fur Company

Back 7

-headed by John Jacob Astor
-Sent a party beaver trapping party into the Green Ricer Valley in 1830
-Intense competition between the American Fur Company and the Rocky Mountain Fur company
-had Ft. Laramie passed on to the company by Sublette, Fitzpatrick, Bridger
-sponsored rendezvous from 1836-1840
-US army took over Ft. Laramie around the middle of the 1800s

Front 8

Robert Stuart

Back 8

-lead a seven man party back to NY to John Jacob Astor, that discovered South Pass.
-minority partner in the American Fur company

Front 9

South Pass

Back 9

-20 Miles wide across the continental divide
-least demanding of all the Rocky Mountain Passes
-Part of the Oregon Trail

Front 10

Jacques LaRamie

Back 10

-A free trapper who was killed by Arapahos
-Namesake of Laramie river, mountains, peak, plains, a county, a city, and a chapter of the DAR

Front 11

General William H. Ashley

Back 11

-Dominant trader and employer of the original Wyoming fur trade
-Captain of militia in the War of 1812
-Served in the US House of Representatives from 1831-1837
-Creator of the rendezvous

Front 12

Jim Bridger

Back 12

-rose to the first ranks among the mountain men
-built Ft Bridger with Louis Vasquez
-had poor relations with Brigham Young, Young instigated that not Bridger
-Guide
-part owner of the Rocky Mountain Fur trade

Front 13

Rendezvous

Back 13

-founded by General William H. Ashley
-avoided the cost of trading post
-once a year
-was a place for trappers to sell their pelts and buy supplies
-Drinking drinking drinking, partying and cards and such
-Indians also came

Front 14

Esther Hobart Morris

Back 14

-First female judge
-didn't do a lot as a judge, she heard 26 cases and served 8 1/2 months.
-Mannish in looks
-outspoken
-wanted to run again for election but no party would nominate her

Front 15

Fort Laramie

Back 15

-Originally fort St John
-business lagged with the invention of rendezvous till the buffalo robe trade
-became a pony express stop
-eventually the army to over the fort
-Oregon trail travelers would stop here for supplies

Front 16

Platte River Road

Back 16

-Wagon Ruts left across Wyoming
-Superhighway
-The Pony Express used it
-Travelers depleted the buffalo's along the way
-Forts and troops where place upon it
-by 1862 it had become very dangerous so the stagecoaches took an alternative route
-

Front 17

Oregon Trail

Back 17

-First used by the eastbound
-ALSO SEE PLATTE RIVER ROAD
-between 350,000 400,000 emigrants used this

Front 18

Overland Trail

Back 18

-the break off trail the stage used when the Oregon Trail became to dangerous due to Indian attacks
-Goes across southern WY

Front 19

California Trail

Back 19

-Followed the Oregon till it broke off just west of WY
-took Prospectors to California

Front 20

Overland Trail

Back 20

-the break off trail the stage used when the Oregon Trail became to dangerous due to Indian attacks
-Goes across southern WY

Front 21

California Trail

Back 21

-Followed the Oregon till it broke off just west of WY
-took Prospectors to California

Front 22

California Trail

Back 22

-followed the Oregon Trail till the spilt around the western middle part of Wyoming
-took prospectors to California
-the split was often called the saddest part on the trail.

Front 23

Independence Rock

Back 23

-names and dates of travelers cover it
-where travelers would want to be by the 4th of july
-50 miles west of present day Casper

Front 24

Pikes Peak Gold Rush

Back 24

-Reason why Colorado was settled and became a territory before WY
-Denver was created as a mining town due to this event

Front 25

Russell, Majors and Waddell

Back 25

-Set up the stage coach and pony express

Front 26

Brigham Young

Back 26

-Leader of the Mormon Church
-Didn't like Jim Bridger's dealing with the Indians
-Utah territory governor and superintendent of Indian affairs in 1851
-turned his governorship and superintendent of Indian affairs title over to the government after the Mormon War

Front 27

The Mormon War

Back 27

-Very few casualties (around 3 from each side)
-Judge Drummond starts sending messages that they maybe be trying to rise up against the US(he was really upset because he couldn't stop the polygamy that was going on)
-James Buchanan sent a third of the army to enforce the laws
-the Mormons caught wind of the army's coming and got the Navajo Indians on their side
-without the consent of the church some of the Mormons and the Navajos slaughtered men women and children in the mountain meadow massacre
-the Mormon militia was suppose to hold of the army at Fort Bridger but they saw the size and went to get help so the army held up at Ft Bridger
-Albert Sidney Johnson went and talked peace with Young (sense bloodshed was obviously not an issue)
-Young stayed the head of the church, gave over his federal titles, swore off polygamy and got amnesty for the individuals involved in the meadows mountain massacre

Front 28

Vigilance Committee

Back 28

-58 citizens who have remained unnamed
-a group who took the law into their own hands because the Cheyenne only had 3 police officers

Front 29

Sherman Hill

Back 29

-Highest point on the UP railroad

Front 30

Lt. John L. Grattan

Back 30

-Lt sent to retrieve a emigrants cow/arrest the Indians who took the cow
-His interpreter was drunk and misinterpreted because he had anti-Indian sentiments
-all 29 solders he took with him were killed, one lived long enough to tell the tale at Ft Laramie

Front 31

Ben Holladay

Back 31

-he moved the Holladay Stage Company to an alternative route in 1862 because the Oregon Trail was to dangerous
-the new path he took was called the Overland trail

Front 32

Overland Stage Company

Back 32

-Owned by Ben Holladay
-took 24 days to travel
-the stage stations where being attacked so they moved from the platte river road to the overland trail

Front 33

Lt. Casper Collins

Back 33

-Namesake of the city of Casper
-was sent out of the by the Garrison leading a troop a mile over the bridge his troop was greeted by 600 Cheyenne warriors and he was killed

Front 34

"The Bloody" Bozeman Trail

Back 34

-built in 1863, through Indian hunting ground
-Ft Reno, Ft. Phil Kernney, and Ft C.F. Smith