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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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joesph stalin
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communist leader of soviet union
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totalitarian
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A form of centralized govt system in which a single party, without opposition, exercises absolute (total) control over political, social, economic, and cultural life
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benito mussolini
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fascist leader of italy
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fascism
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advocated strong, centralized, nationalistic government headed by dictator
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adolf hitler
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der fuhrer
powerful leader of nazi germany |
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nazism
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the german board of fascism
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francisco franco
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spanish general who rebelled against the spanish republic that started the spanish civil war
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neville chamberlain
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british prime minister who signed munich agreement with germany
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munich agreement
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turned the sudetenland over to germany without a single shot being fired
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winston churchill
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british prime minister
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appeasement
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giving up principles to fight and aggressor
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nonaggression pact
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Made b/w the Nazis and the Soviets in 1939
Through this, Germany hoped to avoid a two-front war if it decided to invade Poland This pact remained intact until Germany carried out a secret invasion of the USSR (Operation Barbarossa) |
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blitzkrieg
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german military strategy of lightning war using powerful aircraft and fast tanks
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charles de gaulle
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french general to fled to england after france fell to germany. set up a "govt in exile"
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holocaust
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the systematic murder of 11 million people across europe, more than half of which were jews
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kristallnacht
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night of the broken glass
nazi storm troopers attacked jewish homes, businesses, and synagogues in germany |
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genocide
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the deliberate the systematic murder of an entire population
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ghettos
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segregated jewish areas in certain polish cities
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concentration camps
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labor camps for those captured by the nazis
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axis powers
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germany, italy, and japan
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lend lease act
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plan for US to send arms and other supplies to any country whose defense was vital to the US
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atlantic charter
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joint statement declared by FDR and Churchill in 1941 declaring their vision for a new world order
Established a set of principles that set forth an international peace |
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hideki tojo
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chief of staff of japans kwantung army who launched the invasion into china
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george marshall
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army chief of staff who pushed for the formation of WAAC
General in charge of readying the US for war |
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WAAC
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womens auxiliary army corps
woman volunteers would serve in noncombat positions |
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A Phillip Randolph
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president and founder of the Brotherhood of the Sleeping Car Porters and the nations most respected african american labor leader.
called for participation of all workers in defense industries without discrimination because of race, creed, color, or origin. |
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OPA
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office of price administration
fought inflation by freezing prices on most goods |
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mahattan project
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code name for research work for atomic bomb
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WPB
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war production board
ensured that armed forces recieved the resources they needed to win the war |
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rationing
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establishing fixed allotments of goods deemed essential for the military
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Eisenhower
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american general who commanded the allied expeditionary force in western europe and commanded the north african invasion
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DDay
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invasion by allies of normandy, largest land-sea-air operation in army history
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George Patton
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US commander in Europe
US Field commander in Europe (set up the phony fleet prior to the invasion at Normandy) |
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Battle of the Bulge
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german tanks broke through weak american defenses hoping to break off supply lines with british forces
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VE Day
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Victory in Europe day. the war in europe was over
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Harry S Truman
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US President after FDR
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Douglas MacArthur
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In control of Allied forces in islands,
ordered by FDR to leave General of the US Army in the Pacific; directed the Allied occupation of Japan after WWII had ended |
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Charles Nimitz
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commander of american naval forces in pacific
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Battle of Midway
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Allies stopped Japanese as they were trying to move towards Hawaii
turning point in Pacific war |
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Kamikaze
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suicide plane
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Hiroshima
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important japanese military center tht was attacked with first atomic bomb
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Nagaski
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second japanese city attacked by atomic bomb
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GI Bill of Rights
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bill that provided education and training for veterans paid for by the federal government
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origins of WWII
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1. global depression
2. rise of totalitarianism |
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international aggression/militarism (arms race)
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Japan invades Manchuria
Italy invades Ethiopia Germany invades Poland (start of WWII) |
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cause of WII
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German invasion of Poland
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allied powers
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US, France, Great Britain, USSR, China
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US Foreign Policy
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Isolation
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neutrality acts
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series of laws passed prior to the outbreak of WWII for the purpose of keeping the United States neutral in foreign affairs and out of wars
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Cause for US involvement
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attack of Pearl Harbour
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scorched earth policy
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USSR tactic used against Germany
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Battle of Britain
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German bombers ruin British cities in attempt to obtain British surrender before U.S. entry
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North Africa
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Allies attack Germany in North Africa
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Battle of Guadacanal
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US begins its strategy of “island hopping” to defeat Japan
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tokyo bombing raids
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American bombers destroy 250,000 buildings and kill 83,000 in massive fire-bombing
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VJ Day
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Japan surrenders with one term: the emperor must retain his throne
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Montgomery
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British Field Marshall who fought against Rommel in North Africa and then led forces at Normandy
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Rommel
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(“Desert Fox”): Commanded Hitler’s forces in North Africa and then in France
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casablaca conference
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FDR and Churchill
Agreement to fight until the Axis powers surrender unconditionally |
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Yalta conference
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FDR (ailing health), Churchill, Stalin
Outlined punitive measures against Germany Granted concessions to Stalin that would lay the foundation for the Cold War |
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Potsdam conference
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Truman, Churchill/Atlee, Stalin
V-E Day had already occurred Issued order of unconditional surrender to Japan Soviets discover information on the atomic bomb |
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Nuremburg Trials
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General name given to the two sets of trials of Nazis involved in WWII and the Holocaust
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Japanese war trials
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Led to the execution of several of Tojo’s forces including Tojo himself
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cold war
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Two powers were left to dominate after WWII USSR & US
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