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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe the function of Fibroblasts |
* Produce all the fibers and ground substance of the extracellular matrix
* Identifiable with an elongated nucleus surrounded by collagen fibers * Types : collagen fibers, reticular fibers, and elastic fibers |
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Describe the function of Macrophages | histiocytes |
derived from circulating monocytes that move into connective tissue to phagocytize cellular debris & bacteria
come from the bone marrow |
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Describe the function of plasma cells |
once B-lymphocytes are presented with an antigen they can become plasma cells that release immunoglobulins.
Identifiable characteristics are large clock-face nucleus, pale pinkish cytoplasm, & clearning near the nucleus representing the golgi apparatus |
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Describe the function of the Mast cells |
- move into connective tissue when a threat is present. - release heparin & histamine to fight the invading pathogen or environmental antigen - frequently seen in loose connective tissue & are identifiable by their irregular nuclei & well-stained cytoplasmic granules |
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Describe the production, function, & location of Type 1 Collagen |
collagen precursor proteins are created in the fibroblast cytoplasm but are assembled in the extracellular space
Collagen will appear on H&E stains as pinkish streaks that vary in density from tissue to tissue. |
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Describe the production, function, & location of Reticular fibers. |
Found in the liver, endocrine organs, lymphatic organs, hematopoietic regions, & spaces around adipose cells
- produced by fibroblasts & are used to organize cells without taking up too much space |
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Describe the production, function, & location of Elastic fibers |
- Not a type of collagen. - Fibroblasts release fibrillin molecules that serve as anchor points for longer elastin molecules. - They surround nearby collagen fibers to provide a much greater degree of elasticity to the tissues in which they are present. |
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Describe the production, function, & location of Ground Substances |
Fibroblasts release polar substances into the extracellular matrix to create a hydrophilic environment.
This promotes diffusion to & from the cells |
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Describe the components and structure of ground substance found in connective tissue proper |
1. Glycoproteins – help to anchor cells to the extracellular matrix
2. Glycoasminoglycans – are the most plentiful molecule in ground substance and are negatively charged, attracting water 3. Proteoglycan – are created by arranging GAGs like bristles stem from a core protein. They provide stability to the extracellular space while allowing diffusion to occur
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Discuss the appearance, structural composition, function & location of Adipose connective tissue |
Distributed throughout the body but particularly around neurovascular bundles, mesenteries and the hypodermis of skin
Most involved with the storage of fat, thermal insulation, and shock absorption |
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Discuss the appearance, structural composition, function & location of Dense regular collagenous connective tissue |
Locations: tendons and ligaments, some vertebral ligaments and suspensory ligament of the penis Composition: mostly type I collagen or elastic fiber bundles Arranged in one direction to resist strong force in that direction |
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Discuss the appearance, structural composition, function & location of Dense Irregular connective tissue |
Locations: dermis, submucosa of organ scars, organ capsules Composition: mostly collagen with some elastic and reticular fibers Has more fibers than cells but the collagen fibers are not arranged in any particular orientation |
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Discuss the appearance, structural composition, function & location of Loose Connective Tissue |
Locations: lamina propria – GI and respiratory systems, superficial fascia and invests in neurovascular bundles
Composition: very few fibers |
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Discuss the appearance, structural composition, function & location of Reticular Connective Tissue |
Locations: liver, kidney, spleen, bone marrow, lymph nodes
Composition: reticular fibers (type III collagen) |
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Discuss the normal and abnormal production and breakdown of connective tissue proper. |
Normal production – fibroblasts will proliferate to produce the collagen, reticular, and elastic fibers Abnormal production – sometimes after an injury, especially burns, fibroblasts and type I collagen at the site over-proliferate to form large raised, hypertrophic scars Breakdown – marcophages move into the connective tissue to phagocytize cellular debris |
