Wtf

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Cell Theory

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every organism contains cells
Cell is smallest unit of Life
Only living things make new cells

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DNA is not enclosed in a nucleus
Generally the smallest, simplest cells

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Prokaryotic Cells

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DNA is enclosed in a nucleus
Have many specialized cell parts called organelles

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Eukaryotic Cells

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Function: Medium for chemical reactions of the cell

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Cytoplasm

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Structure: Thick jellylike substance, 70% water, 30% proteins, fats, nucleic acids and mineral ions

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Cytoplasm

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Structure: fluid filled cigar shaped with a double layer membrane. Inner layer is folded. Folds are called cristae.

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Mitochondria

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Function: Aerobic respiration. “Powerhouse of the cell

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Mitochondria

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Structure: Network of fluid-filled tubelike structures usually connected to the nuclear membrane.

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Endoplasmic Reticulum

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Function: Transports proteins throughout the cell. “Subway of the cell

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Endoplasmic Reticulum

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Ribosome containing ER produces proteins

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Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

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ER producing Limpids
No proteins

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Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

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Structure: Sets of flattened, slightly curved sacs with small vesicles often on the ends.

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Golgi Body

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Function: process sugar side chains of proteins, sort them and package them in vesicles for shipment to the cell membrane or other regions of the cell.

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Golgi Body

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Structure: Membrane bound fluid filled compartments

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Vacuoles

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Function: Storage of food, water and minerals

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Vacuoles

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Structure: Small membrane bound spheres containing digestive chemicals

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Lysosomes

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Function: Digestion and breakdown of molecules, dead cells and worn out cell parts

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Lysosomes

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Structure: Long, thin, threadlike structures made of protein

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Microfilaments

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Function: Locomotion of cells, changes in cell shape, contraction of skeletal muscle

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Microfilaments

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Structure: Long, thin, hollow rods made of protein

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Microtubules

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Function: Maintains cell structure, movement of cell parts throughout cell interior,movement of genetic material in cell division, locomotion of cell

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Microtubules

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Structure: Large numbers of short hairlike structures. Made of 9 sets of microtubules in a circular arrangement with 2 in the middle

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Cilia

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Function: Locomotion of some unicellular organisms and locomotion of some specialized cells in multicellular organisms

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Cilia

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Structure: Long singular or paired hair like structures. Made of 9 sets of microtubules in a circular arrangement with 2 in the middle

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Flagella

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Function: Locomotion of some unicellular organisms and locomotion of some specialized cells in multicellular organisms

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Flagella

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Structure: Cylindrical structures made of 9 sets of microtubules arranged in a circle. Found in pairs near nucleus.

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Centrioles

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Function: Play a role in cellular reproduction.
Found only in animal cells

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Centrioles

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Structure: Cylindrical structure made of 9 sets of microtubules arranged in a circle.

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Basal Body

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Function: Attaches flagella and cilia to the interior of a cell.

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Basal Body

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Structure: Double membrane bound central spherical organelle with pores in the membrane

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Nucleus

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Function: Cell control center. Contains genetic information

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Nucleus

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Structure: Small spherical body in nucleus

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Nucleolus

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Makes RNA of ribosomes

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Nucleolus

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Structure: Dense mass of protein and DNA found in the nucleus

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Chromatin

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Function: Carries genetic material.

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Chromatin

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Structure: Thread-like structures made of chromatin

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Chromosomes

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Function: Carries genetic mateial

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Chromosomes

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Structure: membrane bound fluid filled organelle. Fluid is called stroma. Also contains stacks of membranes called grana.

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Chloroplasts

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Function: photosynthesis. Grana contain chlorophyll that traps light. Glucose is made in the stroma
Found only in plant cells

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Chloroplasts

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Structure: Rigid outer layer made of starch called cellulose. Located outside the cell membrane

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Cell Wall

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Function: Gives structure and shape to cells and provides support for land plants.
Found only in plant cells

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Cell Wall