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24 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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what are hetrophile ab and what are the source of hetrophile ab?
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-antibodies against unusual antigens
-usually antigens to which the person has not been exposed - caused by activation of B cells by EBV - the source of ab are activated B cells, primary site of infection for EBV hint: different(hetro) Ag(EBV) cause different Ab |
different Ag cause different Ab
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What changes are seen in lymphocytes with EBV infections?
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Lymphocytosis: atypical lymphocytes, actually T cells responding to the infection.
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Most common childhood cancer in equatorial Africa
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Burkittʼs Lymphoma (BL)
-associated with EBV ♦ Most common childhood cancer in equatorial Africa ♦ Tumor cells are EBV+ B cells and express Epstein-Barr Early RNAs (EBERs) and one viral protein, EBNA-1 (Type I Latency) ♦ Tumor cells also have translocations of the myc oncogene ♦ Malaria infection may be a cofactor, possibly by causing excess replication of B cells. ♦ A genetic predisposition in the affected population has not been ruled out. |
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What is the important factor of tumor cell development in Burkitt's lymphoma
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translocations of the myc oncogene.
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Disease and virus?
- infection occurring in the mouth of AIDS patients - White, wart-like lesions, typically on the side of the tongue - These are sites of active viral replication - not a tumor |
Hairy Oral Leukoplakia & EBV
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What virus is associated with the following dieseases?
-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma -Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders and lymphomas - Hairy Oral Leukoplakia |
EBV
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Disease and virus?
-May cause a mononucleosis-like disease (heterophile antibody negative) with enlarged spleen and or liver - Virus may be shed in urine, saliva, and other body fluids - Virus shedding may persist for months |
Cytomegalovirus:
->Very common infection ->usually asymptomatic |
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organism?
linear dsDNA genome Nonenveloped Icosahedral Fibers at vertices Replication in the nucleus |
adenovirus
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location of replication for adenovirus
location of infecation for adenovirus |
location of replication for adenovirus -> inside NUCLEUS
SITES OF INFECTION: Host cell preference mucosal epithelial cells: - Respiratory tract - Small intestine - Epithelial tissue of the eye |
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most common spread of adenovirus
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Respiratory spread (most common)
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disease and organism?
-fever, sore throat, cough, nasal congestion, tonsilitis possible - Highly infectious - Incubation period typically 5 - 8 days, but can range from 2 - 14 days - Typically acquired during childhood |
Refers overall to Acute REspiratory Infection
Acute febrile pharyngitis -fever, sore throat, cough, nasal congestion, tonsilitis possible All associated with Adenovirus |
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disease and organism?
Redness, watering, discomfort of eye, photophobia |
Conjunctivitis (pink eye)
- a Pharyngoconjunctival Fever associated with adendovirus |
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Disease and organism?
- fever, sore throat, cough, nasal congestion - Tends to occur in sporadic localized outbreaks - Transmission: upper respiratory droplets, fomites, swimming pools - Types 3, 4, 7, 21 are common |
Upper respiratory tract infection
- a Pharyngoconjunctival Fever associated with adendovirus |
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Disease and organism?
- Identified in and common among, military recruits -Thought to spread easily among this population due to crowded living conditions combined with stress - Severity ranges from mild upper respiratory infections to pneumonia - Vaccines:Live, attenuated vaccines for types 4, 7. - Approved for military use, not for civilian use |
Acute Respiratory Disease (ARD)
-> associated with Adenovirus |
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Disease and organism?
Involvement of both cornea and conjunctiva - Permanent corneal damage may occur and cause degradation of vision - Highly contagious - Minor corneal abrasions increase the risk of infection - Has been associated with iatrogenic spread - Often associated with types 8, 19, 37 |
Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis
-> associated with Adenovirus |
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organism?
- replicate in GI tract but normally dont cause GI disease - types 40 and 41 associated with infant gastroenteritis - Types 40 and 41 are very difficult to culture |
Adenovirus
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Early protiens of Adenovirus?
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hint: easy as ABCD
E = Easy and E for Early A = Alter cell cycle B = Block apoptosis C = (focus on CTL) Block CTL responses by inhibiting MHC class I transport D = (focus on DNA) Replicate viral DNA |
easy as ABCD
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late protiens of adenovirus?
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Virion structural proteins
- Virions released by cell lysis (inefficient) hint: Very Last V = Very and V for Viron L = Last and L for Late |
Very Last
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bug?
-> Small linear ssDNA genome -> nonenveloped icosahedral virions, -> Nuclear replication -> Cause of Erythema Infectiosum (Fifth Disease) |
Parvovirus B19
– only Parvovirus known to cause human disease |
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disease and bug?
Nonspecific, flu-like symptoms: ->Fever, chills, malaise, myalgia, itching -Dispersion of virus by viremia -Shedding of virus from upper respiratory tract -Formation of IgM immune complexes |
First phase, Erythema Infectiosum, Parvovirus B19
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disease and bug?
-deposition of immune complexes -Erythematous rash -Symptoms of arthritis |
second phase, Erythema Infectiosum, Parvovirus B19
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Why is a B19 infection life-treatining to pt with sickle cell anemia and how is this pt treated?
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-sickle cell anemia patients are examples of persons with hemolytic anemia
- B19 infect bone marrow - B19 replicates extensively in erythroid precursor cells in the bone marrow and causes a profound but transient reduction in erythrocyte prodcution - not a major problem in normal individuals, but causes a large drop in erythrocyte numbers in pt with hemolytic anemia - may be life-threatening - Pt tx by Transfusion therapy. |
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What adverse result occurs due to an immunocompromised pt infected with Parovirus B19?
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Chronic infection of the bone marrow
Persistent anemia. Must be treated with Immune globulin therapy |
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What viral DNA infection of a pregnant women results in hydrops fetalis?
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Primary B19 infection of pregnant women
- transmission to the fetus may cause hydrops fetalis, fatal anemia of the fetus. Overall risk of death ~ 10%. -no evidence of congenital abnormalities in survivors hint: baby blows up |
baby blows up
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