Wsu Exam 4 Cns Bugs

Front 1

G (+) cocci in chains
Catalase neg
beta hemolytic
bacitracin resistant

presumtive id:
positive CAMP hemolysis test

Definitive ID
capsule serogroup B

Back 1

GBS

S. agalactiae

Front 2

G(+) rods
facultative intracellular organism
beta hemolytic
catalase positive
motile at 25 c
not motile at 37 C

Back 2

Listeria monocytogenes

Front 3

G(-) bacilli
ferments lactose --> pink on MacConkey
Oxidase (-)

Back 3

E. coli K1

Front 4

G (-) pleomorphic coccobacilli
facultative anaerobe
grows on Chocolate agar
needs Factor V (NAD) and Factor X (hemin)

Back 4

H. Influenza

Front 5

G(+) lancet shaped diplococci
catalase neg
alpha hemolytic
optochin sensitive **key
bile soluble (sensitive)
Quellung rxn

Back 5

S. pneumoniae

Front 6

G(-) cocci, generally in pairs
fastidious: chocolate agar
Oxidase (+)
ferments both glucose and maltose into acid

Back 6

N. Meningitis

Front 7

G(-) curved rod
Oxidase (+)
Catalase (+)
skirrow's agar CO2
microaerophilic
motile
giemsa stain

Back 7

campylobacter jejuni

Front 8

G(+) yeast
India ink (+)
Calcofluro white (+)
urease (+)
capsular Ag detected in CSF or serum

Back 8

cryptococcus neoformans

Front 9

spirochete
microaerophilic
difficult to culture
requires BSK- II media

Back 9

borellia burgdorferi

Front 10

fungus
inhaled as spores
develops into spherules in the body at body temp

associated with SW as well as dust storms, earthquakes, and earth excavations

Back 10

Coccidiodes imitis

Front 11

Nonenveloped icosahedral virions
Circular, double-stranded DNA genomes
Genome size is about 5 kb, containing 6 genes
Nuclear replicating
Highly dependent on cellular enzymes for DNA replication and gene expression.

Back 11

Polyomaviruses

Front 12

linear, ssRNA, positive sense ranging from 10 to
11 kbp.

The 3’ end is not polyadenylated, and 5’ is capped.

Back 12

Flavivirus

Front 13

Non-segmented
(-)ssRNA

•Enveloped
•Helical nucleocapsid
•“Bullet shaped virus”
•External glycoprotein coat & periph matrix prot.
•Ribonucleoprotein (RNP): infectious
•Replicated in cytoplasm

Back 13

Rhabdovirus (Rabies)

Front 14

Virus family?
->enveloped virions

->(-)ssRNA, large proteins are directly synthesized from this transcript. Large proteins cleaved to regulatory and structural proteins.

->Non structural proteins at the 5’ end of genome, structural proteins (capsid andenvelope) at 3’ end *** Very Imp!!

• Replication in cytoplasm as in polio and flaviviruses

Back 14

TOGAVIRUS

Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE)
Western Equine Encephalitis (WEE)
Rubella virus

Front 15

(+) ssRNA
• Labile in low pH
• Grows at 33°C
• Infects URT
• Aerosol transmission
• Foot & mouth disease (FMD) in cloven footed animals (Foot & mouth disease virus O )

Back 15

Aphthovirus

->Part of Picornavirus family

Front 16

ssRNA virus positive strand
enveloped, icosahedral nucleocapside


Febrile, influenza-like illness
Moderate to high fever
Headache, sore throat, backache, fatigue
Rash, lymphadenopathy, Myalgias
Acute aseptic meningitis or encephalitis

Reservoir: Birds
Vector mosquito, ticks
Infects:
humans, horses, bats, squirrels and domestic rabbits

Back 16

West Nile Virus
-part of flaviruses

Front 17

dsDNA virus enveloped & icosahedral

the most common form of sporadic fatal encephalitis in adults

Focal encephalitis with fever, altered consciousness and behavior, disordered thinking

temporal lobe of the brain is most often involved

Back 17

HSV Encephalitis

HSV-1

Front 18

ssRNA (+) virus
Naked, icosahedral capsid

•Labile in low pH
•Grows at 33°C
•Infects URT
•Aerosol transmission
•Nasopharyngeal region infections (common cold)

Back 18

Rhinovirus
-part of picornaviruses

Front 19

ssRNA (+)
enveloped Icosahedral capsid
-rare and fatal

 Fever, General muscle pains, Severe headache, Permanent brain damage, Seizures and coma.

 Replication occurs in vascular endothelium and lymphatic cells of the lymphoreticular system

 Small hemorrhages in the brain
Extensive neuronal damage

Reservoir: Birds (marsh birds)
Carrier: Mosquitoes
Infects: Humans and horses, birds such as pheasants, quail and ostriches

Back 19

Eastern equine encephalitis
-part of Togaviruses

Front 20

ssRNA (+)
naked, icosahedral

flaccid paralysis that results from destruction of motor neurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord

Back 20

type 1 poliovirus
-part of picornaviruses

Front 21

ssRNA (+) enveloped, icosahedral capsid

High fever, chills, headache, vomiting, jaundice, hemorrhagic complications, renal failure

Arbovirus: mosquito Aedes Aegypti

Back 21

Yellow fever
-part of flaviviruses

Front 22

Circular dsDNA enveloped with icosahedral capsid

Transmissible by bite or by contact of saliva with mucous membranes

Highly pathogenic for humans, with a high frequency of fatal encephalitis

Back 22

Herpes B Virus
-only member of hepadnavirus family

Cercopithecine Herpesvirus 1

Front 23

Virus and disease?
Circular dsDNA nonenveloped icosahedral

Loss of myelination is due to virus replication in oligodendrocytes.

Little or no inflammation.

Back 23

JC virus
-part of polyomaviruses (subfamily)
-part of papovaviridae family of viruses
PML
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

Front 24

+ ssRNA
Retroviridae
Oncornavirinae

Back 24

Human T-cell Leukemia virus

Front 25

ssRNA (+) enveloped, icosahedral
fever, headache, pain behind eyes, lumbosacral pain (no significant deaths)

Arbovirus

Back 25

Dengue
-part of flavivirus family

Front 26

(+)ssRNA enveloped, icosahedral
•Resistant to low pH
•Grows at 37°C
•Resistant to detergents
•Site of primary infection is GI tract
•Fecal-oral transmission
•Murine encephalomyocarditis

Back 26

Cardiovirus
-part of picoravirus

Front 27

dsDNA linear, enveloped icosahedral

1.mental retardation
2.cerebral atrophy
3.Non-CNS abnormalities

Back 27

VZV
-part of herpesviruses
•Congenital Varicella

Front 28

(+) ssRNA enveloped, icosahedral
simple febrile headache to meningoencephalitis
Mild in children. The elders are at high risk for severe disease

Transmission by mosquito
Reservoir: Bird

Back 28

St. Louis encephalitis:
-part of flavivirus family

Front 29

Origin from Scrapie (sheep)
- Infected sheep parts in animal-based cattle feed
 cross “species barrier”
OR
Origin from spontaneous PrP mutation in cows

Back 29

- Bovine Spongiform Encephalitis

--> orginated from TSE = transmissible spongiform encephalopathies from prions