Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Organism?
- carried by many sp. of wild rodents, rabbits, beavers, muskrats -low infectious dose (Highly infectious, ID50 = 10-50 bacteria) – like shigella (KEY) -can infect skin (handle animals), respiratory infection or enter food supply. |
Francisella tularensis (tularemia or Rabbit Fever)
|
|
|
What virulence factor associated with Bacillus anthracis is an adenylate cyclase which causes increase in cAMP, disrupts cell metabolism, and requires calmodulin as co-factor (analogous to invasive adenylate cyclase)?
|
edema factor (EF)
Edema toxin comprised of PA plus edema factor (EF) Anthrax toxin comprised of 3 elements: 1. Protective antigen (PA) 2. Edema toxin comprised of PA plus edema factor (EF) 3. Lethal toxin comprised of PA plus lethal factor (LF) |
|
|
Virulence factor associated with Yersina pestis which:
- form channel between bacterium and eukaryotic cell -are kinase, phosphatase; disrupt actin and cytokine production -have effect to disrupt macrophage & PMN functions |
Yersinia outer membrane protein (Yop)
Delivered inside a cell by TYPE III SECRETIONS MUST KNOW** |
|
|
Organism?
Gram(-) pleomorphic rod -can be grown in vitro but risk of lab-acquired infection high (KEY) |
Francisella tularensis (tularemia or Rabbit Fever)
|
|
|
Organism?
large G(+) bacilli nonmotile non-hemolytic on BAP |
B. anthracis
|
|
|
Organism and disease?
-hematogenous spread, bronchopneumonia; person-person by respiratory droplet -organisms transmitted via aerosols are more virulent (adaptation to human host) -high mortality rate |
Pneumonic plague
Yersinia pestis (The Plague) Pneumonic plague has higher mortality rate than bubonic plague |
|
|
What category of diseases / agents are described as:
• can be easily disseminated or transmitted from person to person; • result in high mortality rates and have the potential for major public health impact; • might cause public panic and social disruption; and require special action for public health preparedness. |
Category A Diseases/Agents
|
|
|
What signal is needed for the opening of pores formed by Yops?
|
Yops = Yersinia outer membrane protien
Low Ca2+ Low calcium response (Lcr) - released by type III secretion but not injected into cells |
|
|
Organism and disease?
-Painless ulcer develops with coal-black necrotic center - found in soil or contaminated animal products (hides, wool, bone) - highly resistant to disinfectants, heat, desiccation, and UV radiation |
Spores of Bacillus anthracis (anthrax)
Cutaneous anthrax |
|
|
Organism associated with:
-Fever, lymphadenitis, vasculitis, bubonic purpura, gangrenous necrosis -persons infected by flea bite -affinity for lymphatics leads to swollen lymph nodes, formation of “buboes” -gangrene of acral regions (peripheral parts of the body) “black death” |
Yersinia pestis (The Plague)
|
|
|
What organisms are listed under Category A Diseases/Agents?
|
Category A Agents
1. Anthrax (Bacillus anthracis) 2. Botulism (Clostridium botulinum toxin) 3. Plague (Yersinia pestis) 4. Smallpox (variola major) 5. Tularemia (Francisella tularensis) 6. Viral hemorrhagic fevers (filoviruses [e.g., Ebola, Marburg] and arenaviruses [e.g., Lassa, Machupo]) MUST KNOW** |
|
|
What organism has toxic products injected directly into mammalian cell cytoplasm?
|
Yersinia pestis which occurs by Type 3 secretion of Yop ( yersina outer membrane proteins)
|
|
|
What virulence factor associated with Bacillus anthracis is the binding subunit; used for vaccine?
|
Protective antigen (PA)
Anthrax toxin comprised of 3 elements: 1. Protective antigen (PA) 2. Edema toxin comprised of PA plus edema factor (EF) 3. Lethal toxin comprised of PA plus lethal factor (LF) |
|
|
Organism?
-Gram(-) rod -Safety pin appearance -immunofluorescence staining -vaccine available for high-risk groups. |
Yersinia pestis (The Plague)
|
|
|
Organism and disease?
-Initial symptoms are non-specific (low grade fever, a dry hacking cough, malaise) -Respiratory distress with shock occurs followed by sudden death -Respiratory distress: massive pulmonary edema and mediastinal hemorrhage -Antibiotic therapy begun after symptoms develop may not save patient |
Inhalation anthrax (Woolsorter’s disease)
Bacillus Anthracis spores germinate in lungs and bacilli produce toxins |
|
|
What organism has :
Arthropod vector: Rat flea regurgitates the organism upon blood meals? |
Yersinia pestis (The Plague)
|
|
|
What category of disease / agents are associated with :
-moderately easy to disseminate; -result in moderate morbidity rates and low mortality rates; -primarily associated with animal terrorism (cattle) |
Category B Diseases/Agents
|
|
|
What virulence factor associated with Bacillus anthracis is:
- a metalloprotease, cleaves mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases 1 and 2 - short circuits major signal transduction pathway in monocytes? |
Lethal Factor (LF)
Lethal toxin comprised of PA plus lethal factor (LF) Anthrax toxin comprised of 3 elements: 1. Protective antigen (PA) 2. Edema toxin comprised of PA plus edema factor (EF) 3. Lethal toxin comprised of PA plus lethal factor (LF) |
|
|
What organisms associated with bioterrorism have available vaccines to individuals at high risk?
|
Bacillus anthracis
Yersinia pestis |
