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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Baja California region
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- Northern Mexico quality region
- Maritime influence of Alaskan current morning fogs as per California - 90% of Mexico's quality wine - Irrigation from underground aquifers can cause salivation - grafted vines |
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Baja California wines
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Northern Mexico
- Full boded reds - Petite Sirah (Durif) - Zinfandel - Bordeaux varieties |
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Mexican wine
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- Most grapes for table, brandy or raisins
- Importing juice to ferment is permitted - Hecho in Mexico on label means Mexican grapes |
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VQA
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-Canada
- Vintners Quality Alliance (est 1988) administers appellations, viticultural and winemaking standards - Banned Lambrusca from appellation status but not some hybrids and American varieties - Provincial liquor boards control production |
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Canadian wine history
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- Lambrusca wines labelled sherry or port since early 1800s
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Canadian wine laws
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- Provincial liquor boards control production
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Canadian wine regions
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- Niagara Peninsula (nr Ontario)
- Okagnagan Valley (BC) - Small non-appellation plantings of hybrids in Quebec and Nova Scotia |
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Canadian appellation terms
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VA (Viticultural Area)
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Niagara Peninsula conditions
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- Largest quality production area
- Lakes Ontario and Eire influence air movement - Continental with short hot summers and long very cold winters - Winter and Spring frost threat - Main Vas are Pelee Island and Lake Eire North Shore |
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Niagara Peninsula wines
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- Vidal and Riesling icewines
- Elegant rieslings - Bordeaux blends in warmer areas |
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Okagnagan Valley
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- British Colombia (Canada)
- East of Vancouver at northern limits for viticulture - Semi desert conditions(edge of Sonoran desert) - Both vinifera and hybrids planted - Success with Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Gris, Riesling and Gewurztraminer |
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Argentina Climate
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- subtropical north of Salta to Patagonia
- Most vineyards over 500m - Salta vineyards over 2,000m for cool climate so near equator - Low rainfall due to Andes shadow - Hail threat - Spring frosts in south - Plantings close to Andes |
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Argentina viticulture
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- High pergolas to raise fruit from heat near ground
- New plantings cordon trained - 90% of vineyards flood irrigated (low rainfall & mountain run off) - Growing drip irrigation = more use of nematode resistant rootstock - Netting used in summer to minimise hail damage |
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Argentina Vinification
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- Large healthy crops
- Dry sunny growing conditions & high yielding vineyards - Hygienic temperature controlled stainless steel fermentation common - Large oak casks for aging reds are common (some 225l barrels used) |
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Argentinian two main wine styles
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Malbec - Tannic, full bodied, brambly (Bordeaux variety)
Torrontes - Full bodied, dry white with aromatic, muscat-like aromas. |
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Argentinian grapes
Blends or varietals |
International varieties for export (half of plantings)
Reds - Malbec - Bonarda - Barbera - Sangiovese - Tempranillo - Cabernet Sauvignon - Merlot - Syrah Whites - Chardonnay - Viogner - Torrontes |
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Argentina Historic Varieties
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Just under half of plantings:
- Criolla - Cereza for local basic table wine and grape concentrate. |
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Urugay Climate
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Temperate maritime similar to Bordeaux (year round rain causes mildew and black spot problems minimised by lyre system training)
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Urugay History
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Basque settlers brought vines inc Tannat in 1870s
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Urugay vineyard areas
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- Rolling hills around Montevideo
- variety of soil types |
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Urugay vineyard problems
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- Year round rain causes mildew and black spot problems
- Minimised by lyre system training |
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Urugay wines
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- Export emphasis has lead to improved equipment and techniques
- Tannat in range of styles - Fruity dry style is main Tannat for export - Tannat often blended with Merlot to soften the powerful tannins |
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Brasil
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- Serra Gaucho region at altitude in south = 80% of production
- Elswhere too hot and damp (midew problems) - 80% of grapes hybrids or American varieties - Most is sweet sparkling in Asti style and method |
