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63 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe winemaking in Switzerland.
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Vineyards on steep slopes. Can chaptalize. Yields high. White wines have low acidity because of malolactic fermentation and harvesting at high levels of ripeness. Oak hardly detectable. Chasselas most dominate grape.
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Name the wine regions of Switzerland.
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Valais, Vaud, Geneva, Ticino
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Describe Valais.
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Upper valley of Rhone. High altitude. Main grape is Chasselas. Dole is local red wine (Pinot Noir and Gamay).
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Describe Vaud.
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Vineyards slope down to lake. Whites mainly from Chasselas with low acidity and strong mineral flavors. Some red and rose mostly from Gamay.
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Describe Geneva.
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White and red wines. Whites of Chasselas and Aligote. Reds of Gamay, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Pinot Noir.
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Describe Ticino.
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In southern area of Italian speaking part of Switzerland. Red wines are specialty. Predominately Merlot - range of styles (Italian - light and fruity to Pomerol - rich blackberry fruit and velvet tannins). Some vinified as white wine.
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What is Ausbruch?
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Pradikate between BA and TBA in Austria.
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What is Stohwein or Shilfwein?
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Bunches of grapes are laid out on beds of straw or reeds during winter to concentrate sugars.
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How do the Pradikate in Austria compare to those in Germany?
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Minimum must weights for Pradikate are higher in Austria.
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What are DACs in Austria?
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Developing set of DACs (similar to AOCs)
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What is Weinviertel?
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First DAC created in Austria for dry Gruner Veltliner.
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Describe the climate of Austria.
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Central European climate with short, cold winters and long, warm summers. Autumn ripening season is long making noble rot possible if enough humidity.
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What are the main white grape varieties of Austria?
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Gruner Veltliner, Riesling, Welschriesling
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What are the main red grape varieties of Austria?
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Blaufrankisch, Zweigelt (Blaufrankisch X St Laurent), St Laurent
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What are the two main regions of Austria?
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Lower Austria (Niederosterreich) and Burgenland
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What are the most important subregions of Niederosterreich?
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Kamptal, Kremstal, Wachau
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How do the Rieslings in Austria compare to those of Pfalz or Alsace?
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Dry and generally more full bodied.
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What are the most important subregions of Burgendland?
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Neuisedlersee, Mittelburgenland, Sudburgenland
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What types of wine are found in Neuisedlersee?
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Sweet wines and high quality dry reds and whites from Zweigelt, St Laurent, Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, Pinot Blanc, and Chardonnay
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What types of wine are found in Mittelburgenland and Sudburgenland?
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Finest red wines from Blaufrankisch or from blends of Blaufrankisch and Bordeaux varietals.
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How are wines classified in Hungary?
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Three classifications. Asztali Bor, Minosegi Bor, Specialty Quality Wine
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What is Asztali Bor?
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Table Wine
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What is Minosegi Bor?
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Quality Wine (QWPSR)
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What is special about Special Quality Wine of Hungary?
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Only applicable to botrytised wines
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Name the grapes of Tokaji.
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Furmit, Harslevelu, Muscataly
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What are the white grapes of Hungary?
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Furmit, Harslevlu, Moscataly, Olasz Rizling (Welschriesling)
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What are the red grapes of Hungary?
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Kadarka, Kekfrankos, Zweigelt
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What is Kadarka?
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Premium grape, ages well, once major component of Bull's Blood.
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What is Kekfrankos?
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Blaufrankisch - light, purple, with high acidity
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What is Zweigelt?
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Cross between Kekfrankos and St Laurent
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Describe the climate of Hungary.
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Central European climate with short, cold winters and long, warm summers. Autumn ripening season is long making noble rot possible if enough humidity.
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What is Tokaj-Hegyalja?
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Region where Tokaj is made.
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What is Tokaji Furmint?
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Made entirely from Furmint. Unaffected by noble rot; medium dry or dry.
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What is Tokaji Szamordoni?
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Grapes put together as is from harvest, with no spearation of healthy and botrytized grapes. Aged in oak cask; flor allowed to develop.
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What is Tokaji Aszu?
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Botrytized grapes only. Aszu berries ground to paste and added to dry wine either during fermentation or after fermentation is complete. Amount of paste added determines final sweetness. Matered for 3 - 6 years in cask.
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What is a puttonyo?
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Measure for amount of aszu paste put into Tokaji. Indicates sweetness.
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What is Aszu Eszencia?
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Made from best years and best vineyards. In excess of 6 puttonyos.
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What is Tokaji Eszencia?
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Made exclusively from free-run juice of aszu berries. Takes years to ferment.
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Name the main regions of Hungary?
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Tokaj-Hegyalja and Eger
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What is Egri Bikaver?
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Blend of grapes aged in large oak casks; light in tannins and body
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Describe the climate of Rumania.
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Divided by Mountains. To North and West: continental; winters are cold but short and warm summers with long, mild autums (long ripening season); East: Black Sea moderates climate; winters are mild and summers are hot.
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What is Dealul Mare?
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Main region of Romania. South-facing slopes.
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What are the grapes of Dealul Mare?
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Pinot Noir, Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon (fruit driven with soft tannins)
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What are the grapes of Bulgaria?
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Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Melnik, Chardonnay.
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Describe the climate of Bulgaria.
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Western: Eastern European climate; warmer than Central Europe with milder winters and warmer summers. [red with medium to high alcohol, medium acidity, soft tannin, good fruit character]; Eastern: Black Sea climate with mid winters and hot summers
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What are the main regions of Bulgaria?
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Black Sea, Danube Plain, Thracian Valley, Struma Valley
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Describe the Black Sea Region.
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Black Sea moderates climate. White wines - Chardonnary.
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Describe the Danube Plain Region.
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Moderate continental climate. Hot summers. Cabernet Sauvignon.
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Describe the Thracian Valley Region.
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Continental climate; cool breezes from mountains; Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon.
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Describe the Struma Valley Region.
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In Western Bulgaria; Melnik is town specialty (full-bodied, highly tannic); some gentler Cabernet Sauvignon produced.
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What is Retsina?
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Wine produced in Greece (mostly of Savtiano and Rhoditis); pine resin added to wine when young and removed at first racking.
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What is Traditional Appellation in Greece?
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Designation for Retsina in Greek and EU wine law. Method of production not geographical description.
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How are wines classified in Greece?
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Two terms for quality wines and Vin de Pays category.
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What does AOQS mean in Greece?
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Applies to light wines.
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What does AOC mean in Greece?
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Applies to liqueur wines. Mainly from Muscat or red Mavrodaphne.
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What are the main regions of Northern Greece?
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Naoussa and Cote de Meliton.
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What is Naoussa?
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Cool climate. Reds from Xinomavro. Powerful tannin, high acidity, complex (similar to Barolo)
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What are the main regions of the Peloponnese?
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Nemea [free from phylloxera]
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What is Nemea?
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Mediterranean climate. Reds from Agiorgitiko. Soft, plummy, low in acidity, but can have rich, spicy fruit.
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What are the main Greek Islands for wine?
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Santorini, Crete, Cephalonia
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What is Santorini?
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Dry white wine from Assyrtiko. Viognier-like perfume with mineral flavors from volcanic soils.
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What is Cephalonia?
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Greek Island producing white wine from Robola.
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What is Robola?
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White varietal from Cephalonia, Greece that is medium-bodied, with crisp acidity and citrus fruit.
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