Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
what does it mean if a wound is contaminated?
|
non-replicating microbes are present
|
|
|
what is colonization?
|
replicating microbes are present s a host response
|
|
|
what is an infection?
|
where replicating microbes invade viable tissue
|
|
|
how many microbes are needed to create an infection in general
|
10^5/g
|
|
|
what are the effects of an infection?
|
maintain inflammatory phase
increased metabolic demand tissue necrosis risk of abscess |
|
|
what are factors in prognosis of wounds?
|
# of microbes
Virulence host resistance |
|
|
what is the # of microbes referred to?
|
Bioburden
|
|
|
what is Virulence
|
how toxic the microbe is
the # of microbes or amt of toxin that is lethal |
|
|
what is an abscess?
where do they often occur? |
an area of localized infection that has been walled off but the body cannot get rid of
under skin (tunneled) |
|
|
as long as microbes are present what will occur?
|
inflammatory phase
|
|
|
what are causes of tissue necrosis with infections?
|
bodies own inflammatory response kills some tissue
bacteria secrete exotoxins &/or endotoxins which could be cytotoxic |
|
|
what are forms of infection control?
|
universal precautions
standard precautions hand washing following damn directions sterile tech. clean tech. |
|
|
when would you want to use a sterile technique?
|
packing (deep/tunneling wounds)
large wounds burns immunosupression sharp debridement |
|
|
why would you use sterile technique for deep wounds/tunneling wounds?
burns? |
deep-if things start to go bad you can not see signs of infection
burns-dendritic & langerhan cells are destroyed so person is immunosuppressed. |
|
|
what is the presentation of an infected wound?
|
S/S of inflammation are out of proportion to expectations
extensive, poorly defined periwound erythema streaking increased elevation of temp increased viscosity and purulence increased odors p cleansing |
|
|
what is viscosity composed of?
|
an increase of dead cells and protiens which causes fluid accumulation
|
|
|
what is purulence?
|
milky pussy looking substance made up of dead white blood cells
|
|
|
why is fluid aspiration risky?
|
could drive the microbe form surface deeper into wound causing tunneling
|
|
|
what is the gold standard of wound cultures?
|
tissue Bx
|
|
|
what are 2 reasons swabbing may not be appropriate?
|
bacteria may not be on surface
cotton could stay in in wound & be treated as a foreign invader |
|
|
what is osteomyelitis?
what is a common mechanism? |
inflammation of bone or bone marrow
Staph Aureus (esp MRSA) |
|
|
when must you assume someone has osteomyelitis?
what must you do? |
if you can see or touch bone
prevent wound from closing |
|
|
what is contraindicated for osteomyelitis? why?
|
e-stim b/c there is no evidence it will help bone and it will promote wound closure.
|
|
|
What would you expect if an antibiotic made a wound worse? why?
|
may be a fungal infection b/c the Abx kills the "good" bacteria and hinders immune function
|
|
|
what are two resistant strains of bacteria?
|
MRSA
VRE |
|
|
what is the problem with antiseptics?
|
they are generally cytotoxic and kill healthy/healing tissue as well as immune cells
|
|
|
when may you use an antiseptic?
|
short-term if the wound is multi-microbial
|
|
|
what does debridement do?
|
remove necrotic tissue
|
|
|
what are the problems c necrotic tissue in a wound?
|
breeding ground for microbes
lowers wound O2 occupies host cells that try to clean it up blocks granulation & epithelialization |
|
|
What are two bacteriocidal /bacteriostatic modalities used for wounds?
|
e-stim
UV light |
|
|
what kind of e-stim is used for wounds?
|
cathodal pulsed, Hi-Volt, or DC
|
|
|
what is the planktonic model?
|
microbs are fee floating
these is minimal glycocalx & bacteria are susceptible to Abx |
|
|
what does lactoferrin do?
|
binds up iron so microbes can't use it
|
