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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are all the phyla of the worms? |
Annelida, Nematoda, Platyhelminthes |
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What are is the class, genus, species and common name of Annelida |
Class: Oligochaeta Genus: Lumbricus (underlined) Species: terrestris (underlined) common name: earthworm, segmented worm. |
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How can annelids be different? |
there can be parasitic ones, filter feeders and tunnel diggers |
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How do Annelids feed and digest? |
they eat dirt which enters through mouth, swallowed by the pharynx, into the esophagus, stored in the crop until it goes into the gizzard to be ground up, then travels through the intestines to be excreted through the anus. |
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What phylum has a circulatory system and how does it work? |
Annelida. Blood flows through closed vessels into all parts of the animal. Gases and molecules are carried to body cells by blood. |
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Instead of a heart, what does an annelid have? |
A muscular blood vessel that act as pumps. |
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How is waste excreted in Annelida? |
Through the nephridia. The nephridia open into the ceolom, pass through the septum into the next posterior segment. the nephridium ends in an exit pore. |
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How do nerves work and what advantages to they give the Annelid? |
they have a dorsal ganglion and a ventral nerve cord with small ganglia that run through the body of the worm giving rise to nerves. In the anterior it gives the worm cephalization. |
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How do Annelids reproduce? |
All annelids are hermaphroditic. They have sperm and eggs. the sperm is transferred through copulation. The eggs are stored in the clitellum. When the eggs are laid the clitellum forms a cocoon which protect the eggs. The young develop in the cocoon and are released as worms. - Also by regeneration |
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What is the genus, species and common name of Nematoda? |
Genus: Ascaris (underlined) species: lumbricoides (underlined) common name: roundworms |
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Are roundworms free-living or parasitic? |
parasitic and live off host |
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how do roundworms reproduce? |
sexually with male and female organisms. The female lays eggs in the intestine, the eggs pass out with the feces and is consumed by another human or animal where the eggs are hatched in the intestine of the new host |
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What happens after the eggs of a roundworm hatch in a new host? |
they burrow through the intestinal wall and into the blood stream where they are carried into the liver, heart and then the lungs where they continue to grow until they migrate to windpipe and are swallowed to the intestine to mate. |
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How many eggs can a female roundworm release a day? |
200,000 |
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How do roundworms excrete wastes? |
they can excrete urine through body walls |
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How do roundworms exchange gas? |
through diffusion |
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How do earthworms exchange gas? |
through their skin with diffusion |
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Why are roundworms thought to have been closely related to arithropods |
because they have a tough protective outer covering called a cuticle which goes through periods of molting (shedding) |
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what kind of digestive system do Nematoda have? |
one way digestive system with an anus and mouth |
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What is the phylum, genus and common name of Turbellaria |
Phylum: Platyhelminthes Class: Turbellaria (Planarians) Genus : Dugesia / Planiaria (Underlined) Common name: flatworms. |
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is Turbellaria free living or parasitic? |
free-living |
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What kind of digestive system do Planarians have? |
a "Blind" digestive tract where there is only one opening for the mouth and the anus. |
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What are auricles? |
a lateral tactile projection on the head used for sensing the environment and chemicals left by other animals |
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What are ocelli? |
Photoreceptor sensory organs on the anterior dorsal surface. |
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What kind of nervous system do planarians have? |
they have two longitudinal nerve cords connected by the primitive brain. |
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How do planarians move? |
They glide over slime with their epidermal cilia |
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How do planarians reproduce? |
They are hermaphroditic and reproduce by penis fencing. The Planarian hit and injected with sperm is the loser and begins motherhood. |
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How do Planarians feed and digest? |
they ingest food with the pharynx but before being sucked into the pharynx they secrete enzymes on to the food for it to be digestible. The mouth, pharynx and intestine make up the digestive tract. |
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What tissue layers are all Platyhelminthes composed of? |
endoderm, ectoderm, mesoderm |
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What are platyhelminthes' symmetry? |
bilateral |
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What is the phylum, genus and common name of Class Trematoda? |
Phylum: Platyhelminthes Class: Trematoda Genus: Clonorchis (underlined) common name: flatworm. Trematoda (flukes) |
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are flukes free-living or parasitic? |
parasitic |
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how do flukes attach to their host? |
with their suckers |
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how do flukes feed? |
by absorbing nutrients from their host |
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Why don't flukes die from being inside a host? |
They are protected by a cuticle that protects it from digestive enzymes |
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how do flukes reproduce? |
they are hermaphroditic |
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What is the phylum, genus and common name of the class Cestoda ? |
Phylum: platyhelminthes, class: cestoda Genus: Taenia (Underlined) common name: Flatworm Cestoda (Tapeworm) |
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what kind of digestive tract do tapeworms have? |
they do not have one, they feed off of other's digestive systems and eat already digested food. |
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what is a scolex? |
at the anterior end of the tapeworm there are hooks or suckers, or both that attach to hosts digestive system |
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what are proglottids? |
they are mature segments that contain a full set of sex organs. they are behind the scolex and are formed by budding. |
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How do tapeworms reproduce? |
Through hermaphroditic proglottid's. They can mate with each other by doubling up on itself. by the time the segments reach the rear end they are full eggs. |
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what is the gas exchange in tapeworms and flukes? |
Diffusion |
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how do flukes and tapeworms excrete wastes? |
through walls of body |
