World War Ii

Front 1

ADOLF HITLER

Back 1

Adolf Hitler ruled the Nazi Party, & the Third Reich in Germany. Nazis believed:
-Democracy under the Weimar Republic had failed, a totalitarian state would be better
-The Great Depression was proof that Capitalism had failed – government would regulate economy
-Superiority of Aryan race – all “undesirables” would be removed
-Third Reich: Third German Empire that would last 1000 years

Front 2

Benito Mussolini

Back 2

Benito Mussolini ruled the Facist party in Italy. Facists believed:
• Fascism is a radical, authoritarian nationalist ideology that aims to create a single-party state with a government led by a dictator who seeks national unity and development by requiring individuals to subordinate self-interest to the collective interest of the nation or race.

Front 3

Joseph Stalin

Back 3

Joseph Stalin ruled the communist party in the Soviet Union he was a dictator.

• “Man of Steel”
• Took power after the death of Vladimir Lenin
• Brutally suppressed any political opposition to the Communist party
• He planned to increase industry & create a collective Communist government in which the State (Stalin) controlled everything

Front 4

Francisco Franco

Back 4

Francisco Franco – nationalist leader in Spain. The nationalist, who had fascists tendencies, rebelled against Spain’s democratic Republican government. (Mussolini and Hitler helped him establish)

Front 5

For this leader explain what country they ruled, what political party they belonged to, and the beliefs of their party was: Emperor Hirohito

Back 5

Emperor Hirohito presided over the militarization of the Japanese government. Japan sought new territory and natural resources beginning with the invasion of Manchuria in 1931

Front 6

. What factors made it possible for dictators to come to power in Europe following WWI?

Back 6

After bitterness left behind after WW I and the desperation of the Great Depression, many countries had economic problems and they questioned their form of government. This uncertainty led to the rise of totalitarianism.
Unhappy with the Treaty of Versailles.

Front 7

What nation did Japan invade in 1931? Why did they invade?

Back 7

Japan attacked Manchuria (a region in northern China) and they renamed it to Manchukuo. They took over their domestic and foreign policies and natural resources. Japan sought new territory and natural resources They invaded to start their course of aggressive military expansion.

Front 8

What areas did Hitler invade in 1938-1939?

Back 8

Austria, Czechoslovakia, and Poland

Front 9

What nation did Mussolini invade in 1935?

Back 9

Ethiopia

Front 10

How did the League of Nations respond to the invasions by aggressor nations?

Back 10

The League of Nations was handicapped because the US would not join. It had no standing army and no real power to enforce its decrees. When aggressive nations began to test the League, they discovered that the organization was long on words and short on action.

Front 11

What was the Munich Pact? What is Appeasement?

Back 11

The Munich Pact was an agreement between Germany, Italy, Great Britain and France in 1938 that sacrificed the Sudentenland to preserve peace. The agreement from the conference had preserved “peace for a time”.
Appeasement is the policy of granting concessions in order to keep the peace.

Front 12

How did the US initially respond to the outbreak of war in Europe?

Back 12

Isolationism at first. They condemned the violence, but did little to stop it. As war exploded in Europe it became increasing more difficult for the US to maintain its neutrality.

Front 13

event led Great Britain and France to declare war on Germany?

Back 13

When Hitler tried to take over Poland. Hitler did a blitzkrieg (sudden attack) on Poland. France and Britain vowed not to let Hitler take over another country without consequences

Front 14

Neville Chamberlain

Back 14

British Primer Minister best known for appeasement policy.. He was at Munich conference in 1938 and sacrificed Sudentland.(in Czechoclavakia) to Germany. When Germany continued its aggression, he declared war on it on 3 September 1939. Chamberlain then led Britain through the first eight months of WW II.

Front 15

Haile Selassie

Back 15

- Emperor of Ethiopia - he sought to modernize Ethiopia and steer it into the mainstream of post-WW II African politics

Front 16

. Eduord Daladier

Back 16

French Prime Minister at Munich Pact – preserving peace.

Front 17

Winston Churchill

Back 17

British Prime Minister after Chamberlain He took the post in May 1940,
and led Great Britain through the war.

Front 18

. Clement Atlee

Back 18

Prime Minister of United Kingdom (worked under Churchill as deputy Prime Minister

Front 19

Franklin Roosevelt - FDR

Back 19

US President – led the US through most of WW II

Front 20

Harry S. Truman

Back 20

was US President at the conclusion of WWII

Front 21

What established the US policy of “Cash-and-Carry”? What was “cash-and-carry”?

Back 21

The Cash and Carry Act of 1939 revised the Neutrality Acts to become a means of aiding Great Britain while remaining neutral to the rest of Europe. It allowed the United States to aid other nations only if the other nations agreed to pay in cash and to use their own military forces to pick up the supplies purchased from the United States.

Front 22

What was the Lend-Lease Act? When and why did Congress pass it?

Back 22

The act authorized Roosevelt to sell transfer title to exchange lease lend or otherwise dispose of, to any such government and defense article. It was passed in March 1941 – they passed it after another heated debate between the isolationists and interventionists.

Front 23

. What was the message given in FDR’s Quarantine Speech?

Back 23

FDRs Quarantine” Speech: In 1937, after Japan invaded China, FDR stated peaceful nations must isolate aggressor nations to force them to be peaceful

Front 24

What was the message given in FDR’s Four Freedom Speech?

Back 24

The four freedoms speech Roosevelt want the following four freedoms for US: freedom of speech and expression, freedom of every person to worship god in his own way, freedom from want, and freedom of fear.

Front 25

. What was the Atlantic Charter?

Back 25

A document that endorsed national self-determination and an international system of “general security.
Written in August 1941 by FDR and Prime minister Churchill

Front 26

Purpose of Women’s Army Corp (WAC)

Back 26

to provide clerical workers, truck drivers, instructors, and lab technicians for the US army.

Front 27

Purpose of War Production Board (WPB

Back 27

– to oversee the conversation of peace time industry to war industry.

Front 28

Purpose of Office of War Mobilization (OWM)

Back 28

to allocate scarce materials into the proper industries, regulate the production of civilian goods, establish production contracts, negotiate with organized labor, and control inflation.

Front 29

Purpose of Executive Order 8802

Back 29

assured fair hiring practices in any job found with government money and established fair employment practices committee to enforce these requirements.

Front 30

Purpose of Executive Order 9066

Back 30

FDR issued the presidential order in 1942 ordering Japanese Americans to internment camps

Front 31

Purpose of . Bracero Program

Back 31

a program to bring laborers from Mexico to work on American farms

Front 32

What was Hitler’s “Final Solution” for Jewish people?

Back 32

His final solution was to kill as many of them as he could and take out all of the Jews.
Nothing short of the systematic extermination of all Jews living in the regions control by the Third Reich. Today will call in genocide.

Front 33

. What were Nuremberg Laws?

Back 33

They were anti-Semitic laws in Germany - 1935.
Laws enacted by Hitler that denied German citizenship to Jews.

Front 34

What was the Manhattan Project & who was J. Robert Oppenheimer?

Back 34

The Manhattan project was the code name in 1942 the development of the atomic bomb. FDR gave this the highest national priority.
The 2 leaders of the project were General Leslie Groves and physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer

Front 35

Who was A. Philip Randolph?

Back 35

He became head of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Cars Porters an African American labor union. The group worked for the Pullman company. In 1937, the Pullman made history by signing the first contract between a major company and an African American Labor Union.

Front 36

The Axis powers included what countries

Back 36

Axis Powers included Germany, Italy, Japan, and many other countries

Front 37

The Allies included what countries

Back 37

Allies included Britain, France, and eventually the Soviet Union, United States, and China

Front 38

Pearl Harbor was the sight of

Back 38

the United States main Pacific base

Front 39

Tripartite Pact

Back 39

was the pact that Germany, Italy, and Japan signed when they became allies

Front 40

Lend-Lease Act

Back 40

allowed Roosevelt to sell, transfer tile to, exchange, lease, lend, or otherwise dispose of, to any such government and defense article

Front 41

Blitzkrieg

Back 41

was a new kind of warfare that emphasized speed and power used to penetrate deep into the enemy’s territory. It had divesting effects