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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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D-Day
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June 6, 1944
Invasion in France Battle of Normandy |
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V-E-Day
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May 8, 1945
Victory in Europe |
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Little Boy
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August 6, 1945
1st Atomic Bomb (uranium based) dropped on Japan, in Hiroshima |
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Fat Man
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August 9, 1945
2nd atomic bomb (plutonium based) dropped on Japan, in Nagasaki |
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V-J Day
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August 15, 1945
Victory in Japan |
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Pearl Harbor
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December 7, 1941
Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor |
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Winston Churchill
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Prime minister of Great Britain
“Wars are not won by evacuations” “Never was so much owed by so many to so few” |
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Perceval
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British war general that was in Singapore on the island that the Japanese got to by land. He was pretty concerned with the Singapore people and his surrendered army not being treated inhumanely by the Japanese.
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Montgomery
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British General in charge during the retreat to Dunkirk and evacuation, as well as in North Africa and Italy (Operation Torch and raced Patton), Normandy, and advance to the Rhine.
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FDR
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President of the US during WW2, died near the end
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Henry Stimson
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took control of atomic bomb project
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Cordell Hull
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U.S. Secretary of State, established the United Nations
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Husband E. Kimmel / Walter Short
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this guy and Short are blamed for Pearl Harbor because they didn’t recognize that the japanese planes were actually japanese planes coming to attack us, they thought it was something else
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George Marshall
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U.S. Chief of Staff
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Douglas MacArthur
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U.S. general in Pacific, said “I will return” to Philippines and then did!
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Chester Nimitz
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the U.S. commander of the Pacific Fleet during World War II, the man who directed the U.S. victories at Midway, Iwo Jima and Okinawa.
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James Doolittle
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U.S. pilot in the “Doolittle Raid” which was the first attack on Japanese mainland (the US bombed Tokyo, 100,000 civilians die. Sort of like our Dresden of the East)
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Herman Goering
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German military leader, propaganda minister, played huge role in the Holocaust, was charged with war crimes and sentenced to death by hanging, but killed himself before execution (with a cyanide pill)
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Paulus
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commander of German army at Stalingrad, did whatever Hitler told him to do but lacked strategic/creative intellect, outwitted by Zhukov (go through! oh that didn’t work, go through harder!)
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Joseph Stalin
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Russia’s leader. Does whatever he wants. Told FDR he’d allow free elections in Poland but didn’t actually mean it, he just nodded. (FDR took it as a yes though Stalin had no intention of allowing it)
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Marshal Zhukov
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the man behind the madness, Stalin’s fave general who did really cool stuff like defending Stalingrad and winning at it, and also helping Leningrad (but kind of very little, he was just like have hope! eat dirt and glue!)
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Hirohito
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Japanese emperor, totally adored by everyone and a pacifist, but nobody listened to him. The military kinda just did whatever they wanted. He cried when Japan was bombed.
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Hideki Tojo
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Army general and prime minister who led Japan through much of World War II and was later executed as a war criminal
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Yamamoto
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general in charge of a lot of their battles, including Midway and Coral Sea(?)
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Nagumo
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Naval Admiral (battle of Leyte Gulf)
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Yamashita
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Military General (Led Malaya/Singapore invaders)
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Homma
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the general behind the Bataan Death March, he got executed for that
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France Surrenders
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June 1940, split into Nazi-occupied and Vichy (Petain)
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Operation Sea Lion
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German plan to invade Britain
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Why does Hitler attack Britain?
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Britain was the last remaining country in Europe that could align with Soviets
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What type of Battle is the Battle of Britain?
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Aerial battle - RAF v. Luftwaffe
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What were the effects of the Blitz?
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Boosts British morale,
but knocks them out of the whole big power thing and they can’t really be a good ally to Russia anymore. Hitler gives up and turns to Russia. |
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Blitz Ending
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Germany decided to bomb London but British moved into bomb shelters. Germany uses firebombs as a last resort, but it doesn’t. Hitler finally calls off attack to avoid losing more planes
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Operation Barbarossa
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Germany's plan to attack Russia
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Why is Op. Barbarossa delayed?
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Delayed by Mussolini due to screw up in Greece, needed to attack before (This actually triggers genocide due to the mass killings) winter (I WANT MY 4 WEEKS BACK)
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Why was Op. Barbarossa Successful?
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Germans had advantage from surprise attack,
better trained/coordinated than Russian army |
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Stalin's reaction to Op. Barbarossa
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He is surprised and then went into hiding and finally came to deal with it. (First time he appeals to Patriotism; he has always persuaded people to do things for their leader, but not anymore. It was for Mother Russia)
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Russian Civilians' reaction to Op. Barbarossa
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they were in disarray (but were simultaneously at the
same time very sad because many were killed.) |
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Siege Of Stalingrad
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Germany manages to surround Stalingrad and captures the city.
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What are the conditions in Stalingrad during the siege?
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900 days.
only enough food for a month or two. people forced to find anything edible. some even cannibalized. pipes were frozen, people went to lake for water - vehicles frozen solid - books, furniture burned to keep warm |
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What hopes did citizens have to survive the Siege of Stalingrad?
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200-mile “Road to Life” created to
bring supplies but it was too dangerous and not enough, Zhukov’s advice |
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Battle of Moscow: Initial reaction by soviet forces
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Germans seem to have upper hand
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What affected the outcome of the Battle of Moscow?
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Russsian winter “stops the Germans cold”
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Who was involved in the defense of Moscow?
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Russian elite winter troops - trained for winter came from the east, who were defending in case of Japanese invasion (influenced by the Finnish soldiers), Germans weren’t even in nice parkas
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Why does a battle ensue in Stalingrad?
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because the city has Stalin’s name on it, and Hitler wants it wiped off the map
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What type of warfare is employed at the battle of Stalingrad?
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hand-to-hand/close combat, which Germans haven’t had to do before
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What were the different strategies from the Generals in the Battle of Stalingrad?
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Paulus (follows Hitler’s orders, very
straightforward) v. Zhukov (strategic, hides army behind city and waits, then “way deep battle” to attack Germans from behind aka Operation Uranus) This creates the first instance |
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Lend-Lease Act
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The US agrees to loan out their supplies in order to keep the war from getting to us. They also have to send their own boats and stuff if they want the equipment. this didn’t work out very well.
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Atlantic Charter
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agreement/alliance between Britain and U.S. - take out Germany first, then Japan - self-rule for all nations - “permanent system of general security” (basically very
rough plans for UN) |
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Names of American / Japanese Aircraft Carriers
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US
Yorktown (destroyed and repaired in very short amount of time), Enterprise, Hornet Japan Hiryu(scuddled), Akagi, Kaga, Sonyu? |
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Names of American battleships damaged at Pearl Harbor
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named after states! USS Arizona, etc.
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Nisei
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Japanese interned in American internment camps (one being in Poston, AZ)
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Rationing
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ladies did things like drawing lines on their legs to make it seem like they were wearing stockings to save nylon
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Dwight D. Eisenhower
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In charge of Operation Overlord “D-Day Invasion” (Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces)
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George Patton
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really loud, mean guy who was a great general but did stuff like slap shell shocked men, suggested that we work with the Germans to get Russia back into it’s
borders, basically in the end they had him retire to a desk job |
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Harry S. Truman
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Vice president, became president when FDR died, very bodacious
personality, in yo face, got Stalin kinda irritated because Truman really wanted Stalin to allow free elections in Poland |
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Kamikaze
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Japanese Suicide pilots who blew up Allies ships with their own planes, fried American soldiers nerves because it was super crazy and everything
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Manhattan Project
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The production/testing of the first atomic bomb: led by J. Robert Oppenheimer, inspired by Einstein
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J. Robert Oppenheimer
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The man in charge of the Manhattan Project
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Yalta Conference
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Feb. 4-11, 1945
divided Germany and Berlin into four occupied zones (controlled by France, Russia, U.S., and Great Britain), free elections in all the liberated states, trials for war criminals, dismantled Reichswehr (German military), government of Poland to be settled later bc Truman and Stalin have a disagreement, and Russia will invade Japan later on |
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United Nations
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Replaced the League of Nations, focused on making sure another
world war never happened, 5 permanent safety officers, and then the rest of the members take turns rotating |
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Nuremberg Trials
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trials held by the victors of WW2 to prosecute people for war crimes, especially Nazis
The Nazis weren’t the only ones to commit war crimes (for example, Dresden, or the atomic bombs in Japan). Americans had winner’s justice, saw themselves as the good guys Germans - “what about all the stuff you did?” Allies committed war crimes too |
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Zoot suit Riots
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guys who wore weird baggy suits, usually latinos who didn’t pass their physicals, and they were the ones who took girls out dancing because all the other men were away fighting.
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Japanese Conquests of Manchuria, and Eastern China (Shanghai, Nanking)
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gained most of the Pacific ocean and all islands in the area, and parts of China, all in a few months.
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Japanese Conquest of Malaya/British retreat and surrender Malaya, Burma
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Leaders involved
-JAP: Yamashita Strategies and Tactics -JAP enters through neutral Thailand, comes down through Burma into Malaya. Conquers Malaya. Then, because Singapore had all their guns pointed away from Malaya, JAP enters singapore with ease. Significance to British History -Longest retreat in British history -Most humiliating defeat in British history |
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Doolittle's raid
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April 18, 1942
The Raid on Tokyo is a signal to Japan that its skies are not impenetrable; Yamamoto believes the planes came from Midway Island |
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Battle of Midway
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June 4-7, 1942
It was a turning point because the Kaga, Akagi & Sonyu were destroyed. The Hiryu scuttled. one American pilot got lost and when he turned around he saw all the Japanese ships below him and let out his load of bombs. they never saw each other, they just used aircraft carriers and bombers/aircraft of some kind Rear Adm. Ray Spruance launched pilots early and at extreme range, hoping to catch the Japanese carriers after the Midway attack. They did. They were lucky because the Zuikaku carrier had no ready pilots. they lost four whole ships!!! and we still have enough to be stable |
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Demise of Nazi Regime
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Hitler and wife of one day (Eva Braun) commit suicide by cyanide pill
(Hitler shoots himself) Other leaders also commit Remaining Nazis put on trial |
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Signicance of Leyte Gulf, Iwo Jima, Okinawa
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Leyte Gulf: Gen. MacArthur returns to Philippines! History’s longest naval battle - Japanese navy destroyed - new tactic: kamikazes
Iwo Jima: (“Sulfur Island” - tiny volcanic island) Japanese in underground city, 16 miles of tunnels - U.S. needed the island for a way station for long-range bombing raids on Tokyo - famous for the flag-raising photograph on Mt. Suribachi Okinawa: 1900 kamikaze attacks - over 200,000 dead, including Okinawans forced to fight with Japanese - war is turning into a bloodbath |
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Atomic Bombs
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5 “roads” could have been taken:
Modifying or clarifying “unconditional surrender” in order to assure the Japanese that this would not imperil the emperor or the imperial institution. Delayment of the use of the bombs until the Soviet Union’s involvement was assessed Laying the ground for international control of nuclear weapons before the bombs were actually used Demonstration of the atomic bombs Delayment of the second atomic bomb. Did we need a second bomb? Why so soon? However, it ended the war |
