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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What was the significance of the ludlow amendment?
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it asked for a national referendum for the US to go to war.
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What was the good neighbor policy and what are examples of how it was used
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no state could intervene in another state's affairs
- stronger than previous policies -examples: cuba independence |
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what is neo-isolationism
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- term used after the league
refers to hemisphere |
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what was chamberlain's big mistake in 38
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appeasement-- gave sudentland to hitler
(europe also gave machuria to Japan) |
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How did US begin to break away from isolationist policies
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1- fdr wants more appropriations for his army
2- cash & carry-- breaks the neutrality acts 3- destroyers for bases & selective service act (peace draft) |
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What was the lend lease act
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(garden hose speech)-- breaks neutrality, like the cash &carry and destroyers for bases 1941
the right of the us to "sell, transfer title to, exchange, lease, lend, or otherwise dispose of, to any such government [whose defense the President deems vital to the defense of the United States] any defense article" |
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examples of opposition to war
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america first comm
nye comm ludlow ammend |
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uss greer & reuben james
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boats attacked -- fdr uses to try and gain support for war
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atlandtic conference?
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fdr & churchill
make atlantic charter which has 2 important elements - UN - self determination (similar to wilson's 14 points |
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government policies during wwII...
what was: - the government's control over industry - the peacetime draft - the act barring citizen's from criticizing gov policy during war - the propoganda board |
-war production board
- selective service act -espionage and sedition acts -OWI |
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execute ofder 90666
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japanese internment
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new technology
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radar, sonar, ddt
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battle of Britain
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fought in the air
4 factors allow br to win -royal airforce -radar -civilians manning radar stations - churchill administration (inspired britain. |
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what brings SU in to WWII
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germany breaks non agression pact (fascism and communism don't get along)
(US now wants to give more aid) |
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why does the relationship deteriorate with japan?
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- us tries to pressure them to stop expansion (into china?)
- when they don't US implements trade embargo and freezes japanese assets in the US |
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tripartite pact
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signed in berlin
- confirmed alliance btwn germany japan and italy |
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Nuremberg laws
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35
Outlawed marriage and sex between jews and non-jews. |
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office of price admin
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price controls to regulate inflation
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potsdam conference/ declaration
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- declaration declared that if japan doesn't completely surrender, theyll be completely destroyed (prompt and utter destruction)
at the conf, allied leaders hardly agreed to demilitarize germany and pusish Nazis. All major issues postponed. - This was also an undercover way of intimidating stalin, but Stalin already knew about atomic bomb. - the conference determined a lot about soviet relations-- sovs agree to enter war in 90 days but they don't for 92 days |
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what was the misunderstanding about the "unconditional surrender"
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Japanese didn't want to get rid of their emperor (who was basically just a symbol without political power)
-- emperor was a BIG DEAL |
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What were the big issues discussed at the Yalta conference
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1945
--what to do with germany/ berlin (berlin is in east germany and they were planning on dividing germany in four zones-- the western part of berlin was a hot spot from the end of war onward) -- renegociate borders -- poland will have elections full description: Stalin was in a position to make demands because they had a favoring military position. They had suffered the most so far and could therefore decide when they would enter the pacific war. The yalta accords promised concessions in Manchuria and the land Russia had lost in the russo-japanese war. The reparations issue was left to a postwar commission and a conference would be called for interim governments in Europe that was representative of democratic elements and for freely elected governments. The United Nations would be founded in 1945. The pledge also called for elections as soon as possible in Poland. |
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dictatorships in asia
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japan: militarists
italy: took over ethiopia germany: hitler |
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Americas stance w/ jewish refugees
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since they were a depression they didn't want to let them in
some were anti semites ship in ft lauderdale was not allowed to dock and drop off jewish refugees |
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US economy during the war
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-- war bonds
- OPA rationed and prevented inflation - spent tons of money to end depression which caused an industrial boom and created tons of new jobs in the north and south. -- taxes on incomes |
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"wizard war
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wwII called this bc technological developments were rapidly becoming available
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how did the allies win in europe?
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operation overlord-- pused inland and secured lower countries
battle of bulge-- went on for almost a month but allies won then the soviets and americans came towards Berlin. They met the russians at the Elbe river and societ troops reached Hitler's headwuarters as he killed himself... new german government then surrenderred may 8 |
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what was the non aggression pact and how was it broken?
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1939
btwn SU and Germany allowed Germany to invade the Western half of Poland. • 1941- Hitler broke pact by invading Russia through Poland→SU joined Allies and US |
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casablanca conference
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1943-- allies want unconditional surrender of axis forces
-- attack italy before invading france -- convince russia they won't be fighting alone -- force Stalin to march to Berlin -- US promises to aid russia |
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Tehran conference
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• 1943
-- US promises to send troops to the eastern front but this never happens • Operation overlord- second front • Stalin is able to win negotiations with Poland- which will make Poland bigger Met with stalin and set the date to invade france - agreed to divide germany into zones of occupation and impose reparations on the Reich. --Stalin pledged to enter the war against Japan after Hitler was defeated |
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describe labor/ industry during WWII
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- became huge exporters and former industries became war industries
- the gov poured money into the west and encouraged people to take jobs there -- women minorities and elderly worked more -- NWLB required workers to be members of unions- not as many strikes |
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Second Great Migration
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blacks came north, made the race problem a national concern.
-- blacks found a new sense of independence and were more hopeful in the north |
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how did native americans help?
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they had navajo code talkers to confuse japanese by sending messages in native language.
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What was the Korematsu case
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1944- upheld the legality of japanese internment--- wouldn't challenge government changes of necessity
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Indochina
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nazi's controlled the state but allowed Japanese to invade-- this gave the Japanese better positioning to invade china
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d-day
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the beginning of operation overlord-- British landed and americans followed and would take over a southern strip of Germany
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postwar economy
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people could spend more b/c they had cut back on spending during the war
6 billion dollar tax cut, consumer demand, government spending on veterans benefits |
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strikes during the war
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most were wildcat strikes meaning not authorized by union officials
- uMW had the only big strike which infolved more than 1/2 a million workers and cost the unions a lot of momentum (1943) -congress then passsed smith connely war labor disputes act in the same year which gave prez power to take over any facility where a strike interrupted war production |
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• Revenue Act
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42 raised top income tax rate and created the income taxes on middle and lower class for the first time ever
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OSRD
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developed new technologies
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CORE
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new civil rights organization that employed the same nonviolent direct action Gandhi used for independenc- desegreat.
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FEPC
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1941 established by executive order, enforced fare employment practices by federal agencies and unionies and companies involved in the war.
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