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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Religion |
belief in or acknowledgement of some super human power or powers which is typically manifested in obedience, reverence, or worship |
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Emile Durkhiem |
one of the forces that created within individuals a sense of moral obligation to adhere to society's demands. |
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Mircea Eliade |
he views the sacred as often dealing with the supernatural, not with the clan or society |
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Clifford Geertz |
mere explanations to describe religions and cultures are not sufficient: interpretations are needed too. |
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Ninian SMart |
Seven Dimensions of Religion |
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Seven Dimensions of Religion |
1. practical and ritual 2. experiential and emotional 3. narrative and mythic 4. doctrinal and philosophical 5. ethical and legal 6. social and institutional 7. material |
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J.Z. Smith |
ther can be no disciplined study of religion |
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Fredrik Barth |
we need to account for this kind of diversity of interpretation in any cultural phenomena |
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Gobekli Tepe |
10th-8th millennium BCE giant stone pillars first religion hunter-gatherers
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How has Gobekli Tepe changed our understanding of the emergence of religion? |
farming > settlement > religion > cities > civilization |
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Mesopotamia |
next stage in the development of religion product of an agricultural society more complex form of religion |
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mesopotamian civilization |
complex civilization corresponds to modern Iraq important for our understanding of semitic religions: myth of the flood |
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pantheon |
polytheism gods of natural elements and nature complex hierarchy of gods: reflection of human society |
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the epic of gilgamesh |
epic poem-oldest version from 18th century gilgamesh, king of uruk, partially a God, but mortal "first hero" the book relates various stories in which gilgamesh journeys through multiple adventures and difficult tasks |
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australian aboriginal groups |
originally from south asia possibly the world's oldest continuous culture entirely a hunting-gatherer societies. no agriculture, no domesticated animals oral culture - The Dreamtime |
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Totems |
Durkhiem -- reflection of society Levi-Strauss -- analogical way of organizing the World (each group a totem) |
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Hinduism |
predominant and indigenous religious tradition follows the Sanatana Dharma distinct intellectual or philosophical POV no single founder
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The Aryans |
the "noble ones" nomadic tribes from the North |
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The Vedas |
veda means knowledge revelation provides the most important resource and inspiration from the hindu traditions and individuals |
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Vedic Civilization--Ritual |
ritual as sacrifice-- offering something to gods and asking for something in return ritual as a way to interact with the gods |
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Ritual (Vedic) |
interaction with gods (exchange) structures the world (cosmos) structures society |
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the varna system |
primordial sacrifice : the Purusa |
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householders |
main building block PRODUCE and REPRODUCE |
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Dharma |
life ritualized according to norms and rules, which ultimately depend less on an internal paricipation than on proper behavior deprived from the Veda relative |
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Brahmacharya celibate student |
celibate student stage of life a brahmin after having been initiated studies the vedas with a teacher |
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Grihastha householder |
householder life (production and reproduction) |
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Vanaprastha hermit |
withdrawal from the world still performing household rituals |
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Sannyasa ascetic |
complete renunciation (even to the use of fire) relinquishing fire is relinquishing (transcend) culture (Levi-Strauss, in flood) |
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Artha |
the focus on material gain politics
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Kama |
the pursuit of love and pleasure painting, sculpture, music,literture,worldly pleasures kamasutra |
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Dharma (Hindu) |
life ritualized according to norms and rules similar meaning to out world "religion" the dharma of a young person is not the same as the dharma of an old one. |
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Moksha |
culmination of the other three liberation upanisads |
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Karma (Hindu) |
to do every action has a CAUSE and produces an EFFECT it refers basically to ritual actions (performing a ritual) |
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Rebirth |
when an action doesn't have a clear cause, it's because of an action that happened in the previous life |
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donedone |
done |
