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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ladysmith Black Mambazo |
-influential international music group of Africa -helped to end apartheid |
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a cappaella |
-unaccompanied vocal -emerged from Zulu peoples in S. Africa/Christian hymns of European missionaries |
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apartheid |
-racial segregation -system collapsed in 1994 under direction of Nelson Mandela |
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Paul Simon |
-Graceland (album) in 1986 -joined with Ladysmith Black Mambazo |
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"Unomathemba" |
-Ladysmith Black Mambazo -Call-and-response texture -harmonization of melody -compelling rhythms |
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"Diamonds on the souls of her shoes" |
-Paul Simon, featuring Ladysmith Black Mambazo -Graceland album -International recognition |
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Akan |
-one of several West African ethnic groups -Ghana |
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Fontonfrom |
-Akan drum ensemble -4 parts (from, atumpan, eguankoba, dawuro) |
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From |
-tall, heavy pair of drums -leader of ensemble |
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Atumpan |
-large, heavy pair of drums -higher in pitch than From |
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Eguankoba |
-smallest pair of drums -highest pitch |
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Dawuro |
a bell |
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Features of W. African Music (6 elements) |
-complex, polyphonic textures -layered ostinatos with varied repetition -conversational element -improvisation -timbral variety -distinctive pitch systems and scales |
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Raga |
-melodic mode in Indian music -5+ notes = melody -associated with different times of the day or seasons -always...Indian classical music |
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Barhat |
-note-by-note expansion of the melodic range of a raga during performance -changes in rhythm, tempo, dynamics and instrumentation |
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Gharana |
-"musical families" -preserved, cultivated and developed "schools" of traditional raga performance |
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Deity |
supreme being, God or Goddess |
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Four Vedas |
-ancient seminal Hindu scriptures in Sanskrit language -Rig, Sama, Yajur, Atharva |
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Indian population |
-diverse -200+ languages -Hindi and English - national languages -North and South |
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Caste system |
rigid hierarchical levels in society |
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Hinduism |
-major faith in India -began in 1500 BCE |
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Bhajan |
direct link with a body of Hindu devotional songs and hymns |
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Sufism |
-mystical form of Islam -music may be a pathway to the divine |
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Hinduism and Islam - differences |
Hinduism - many gods and religious images Islam - one god and no images |
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Qawwali |
lead singer is joined by an accompanying ensemble of singers and musicians |
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Bollywood |
-Bombay + Hollywood = Bollywood -largest film industry in the world |
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Bhangra |
-Punjabi folk songs and dances -powerful rhythms played on a dhol |
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Dhol |
large, barrel-shaped drum |
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Karnatak |
tradition of classical music in southern India |
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Hindustani |
-tradition of classical music in northern India -well-known |
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Hindustani and Karnatak - differences |
Hindustani - influenced by Islam, international, Sitar, tanpura, and table instrumental trio
Karnatak - singing more than instrument, Vina, tambura, and mrdangam instrumental trio |
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Chordophone - examples |
sitar, vina, tambura, tanpura |
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Membranophones |
table and mrdangam |
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"Sarasasamadana" |
-Karnatak - South -1767-1847 -Tyagaraja - one of the greatest composers in Karnatak tradition -Vina, tambura, mrdangam |
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Ravi Shankar |
-Hindustani music - North -Worked with George Harrison (Beatles) |
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Irish traditional music |
traditional, neo-traditional, post-traditional |
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Republic of Ireland |
-independent nation -Dublin -came from Irish Free State - blamed British for not assisting during potato famine |
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Northern Ireland |
province of United Kingdom -Belfast |
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Irish Potato Famine |
-1840's - potato crop failed due to disease that kills leaves and roots -potatoes were main part of diet -1.5 million died -Irish blamed the British |
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Irish Diaspora |
fleeing of Irish |
