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181 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Micronesia
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Collections of islands in the pacific ocean "tiny islands"
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Polynesia
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a collection of islands in the pacific ocean "many islands"
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Melanesia
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A collection of islands in the pacific ocean. "black island" referencing dark skin pigmentation of the majority of population.
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Tok Pisin
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creole spoken throughout Papua New Guinea
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Garamut
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A slit drum from Papua New Guinea
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Kundu
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An hour-glass shaped drum from Papua New Guinea
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Susap
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A mouth hard from Papua New Guinea
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Lamellophone
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a type of idiophone that uses vibrating "lamellae" or strips of material, usually metal, to produce sound.
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Kilu
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A small drum from hawaii, usually made from a coconut shell with a fish skin face.
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Hula Pahu
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Hawaiian dance song using drum accompaniment.
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Pahu
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A single-headed cylindrical membranophone from hawaii that stand vertical on a carved footed base
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Mele
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Poetic texts used in hawaiian drum dance chant
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Portamento
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a smooth, uninterrupted glide from one pitch to another
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Vibrato
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musical effect consisting of a regular pulsating change of pitch
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Holo Mai Pele
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film Directed by Catherine Tatge
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Pele
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is the goddess of fire, lightning, dance, and volcanoes
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Hi'iaka
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patron goddess of Hawaiʻi and the hula dancers
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Lohi'au
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the prince of Kaua`i was Pele's lover
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Antilles
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islands that form the greater part of the West Indies in the Caribbean Sea
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Mummer
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a type of street theater actor, usually in performances staged during the christmas season
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Vodou
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an animistic belief system found primarily in haiti
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Rara
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form of festival music used for street processions, typically during Easter Week
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Loa
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spirits of the Voodoo religion practiced in Haiti, and other parts of the world.
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Shango
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an animistic belief system found primarily in trinidad
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Ogun
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a figure in Haitian Vodou and Yoruba mythology
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Legba
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‘the old man at the gate’ in the Voodoo cult of Haiti
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Syncretism
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attempt to reconcile disparate or contrary beliefs, often while melding practices of various schools of thought.
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Calypso
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a popular music form in trinidad characterized by improvised lyrics on topical and broadly humorous subject matter.
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Conga
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a tall barrel shaped, single-headed drum used often in latin american music.
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Carnival
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A pre-lent festival celebrated primarily in Europe and the Carribean. Known as Mardi Gras in the united states.
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Pan
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a musical instrument from Trinidad made out of a steel oil drum
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Tamboo Bamboo
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a type of ensemble developed after drums were banned in Trinidad, which used cane and bamboo tubes that were beaten with sticks and stamped on the ground.
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Maracas
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a pair of small carribean gourd rattles with interior beads
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Santeria
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A belief system combining animism and syncretized roman catholicism, found primarily Cuba and the United States.
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Orus
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a rhythmic pattern associated with an orisha in the santeria religious tradition.
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Reggae
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a popular music form from jamaica characterized by a rhythmic emphasis on the offbeat and by politically and socially conscious lyrics
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Dub/dancehall
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recorded music that emphasizes the bass and rhythm tracks so a DJ can talk over the music through a microphone.
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Yellowman
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is a Jamaican reggae (rub-a-dub) and dancehall deejay with albinism
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Bob Marley
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was a Jamaican singer-songwriter and musician ("redemption song")
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Haile Selassie
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Ethiopia's regent from 1916 to 1930 and Emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974
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Rastafarianism
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a religious cult centered in jamaica, which purports that the second coming of jesus christ has already occurred in the form of Haile Selassie
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Jah
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is the shortened name for God YHWH, and Jehovah most commonly used in the Rastafari movement
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Clave
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a pair of hand-held wooden bars used as percussion instruments in many african and latin american music traditions.
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Guaracha
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A latin american ballroom dance, as well as a song type emphasizing call-and-response vocal organization.
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Celia Cruz
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was a Cuban salsa singer, and was one of the most successful Salsa performers of the 20th century
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Polyrhythm
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A term meaning "multiple rhythms" the organizational basis for most sub-saharian african music traditions
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Maraca/Shekere
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a gourd rattle from Ghana with an external beaded netting
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Donno
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"talking drum" is a West African drum whose pitch can be regulated to the extent that it is said the drum "talks
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Palm wine guitar
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a popular music style from sub-saharan Africa.
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Highlife
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a generic term describing urban popular music traditions found throughout sub-saharan africa
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Akan drumming
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akan- an ethnic group in Ghana
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Pygmies
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a generic term applied to a diverse population of forest-dwellers in central africa
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Herbie Hancock
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is an American pianist and composer. greatest living jazz musicians, most influential jazz musicians
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Watermelon Man
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jazz standard written by Herbie Hancock
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Madonna
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American recording artist
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Balafon
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a xylophone from west africa often played by oral historians
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Mbalax
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s the national popular dance music of Senegal and The Gambia.
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Jali/griot
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Term for a Mandinka poet/praise singer and oral historian from senegal-Gambia
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Oral tradition
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messages or testimony transmitted orally from one generation to another
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Birimintingo
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instrumental solo sections of a jali performance from West Africa
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Kumbengo
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the sung section of a jali performance from west africa
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Yossou N'Dour
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is a Senegalese singer, percussionist of senegal
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Vladimir Vysotsky
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iconic Soviet and Russian singer, songwriter, poet, and actor of mixed Jewish and Russian descent
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Igor Moiseyev
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choreographer of character dance
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Vasily Andreev
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Russian musician responsible for the modern development of the balalaika and several other traditional Russian folk music instruments
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Authors Songs
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Bard
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Samizdat
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individuals reproduced censored publications by hand and passed the documents from reader to reader
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Chastushki
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a category of songs from Russia considered "playful"
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Balalaika
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a triangle-shaped, fretted plucked lute from Russia.
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Prima balalaika
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highest pitched balalaika
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Ulululation
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a long, wavering, high-pitched sound
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Glottal stop
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example by the hyphen in uh-oh!
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Philip Kutev
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was a Bulgarian composer and founder of the Bulgarian State Television Female Vocal Choir
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Pravo Horo
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straight chain dance
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Les Mystere des Voix Bulgares
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Bulgarian State Television Female Vocal Choir is an internationally renowned World Music ensemble that blends traditional six-part a cappella
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Kate Bush
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is an English singer-songwriter
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Bagpipe
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a reed aerophone consisting of an airbag, chanter (melody pipe), and drone pipe
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Chanter
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the melodic pipe found on various bagpipes
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Bellows
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a apparatus for producing a strong current of air; used with the irish bagpipes, as well as the pump organ and other aerophones.
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Gaida
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bagpipe from bulgaria
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Scottish Highland pipes
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bagpipe from scotland
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A phiob-mhor/war pipes
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widespread recognition through its usage in the British military and in pipe bands throughout the world. bagpipe from scotland
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Uileann pipes
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bagpipe from ireland, performer uses an elbow to pump the bellow
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Pibroch
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form of scottish bagpipe music with an elaborate theme-and-variation structure.
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Pub sessions
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refers to playing music and/or singing in the relaxed social setting of a local pub, in which the music-making is intermingled with the consumption of ale, stout, and beer and conversation.
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Sikuri
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a type of ensemble from Peru consisting of siku performers with accompanying drummers.
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Siku
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panpipes common amoung indigenous populations from Peru and throughout the Andes.
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Bombos/Surdu
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a large drum used in sikuri performance from Peru as well as samba music from Brazil
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Strophic
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a song form in which the music repeats with each new poetic verse
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Vihuela
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a small, fretted plucked lute from Mexico, similar to a guitar but with a convex resonators.
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Mariachi
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an entertainment music associated with festivals and celebratory events in mexico
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Totem
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an animal, plant, or other natural object used as the emblem of a group or individual and strongly associated with an ancestral relationship
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Guitarron
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a large fretted plucked lute from mexico, similar to a guitar but with a convex resonators.
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Huehuetl
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percussion instrument from Mexico, used by the Aztecs and other cultures
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Teponaztli
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slit drum used in central Mexico by the Aztecs and related cultures.
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Son
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an afro-cuban music genre from latin america
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Son Jarocho
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traditional musical style of Veracruz
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Jarana
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string instrument from Mexico
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Requinto
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smaller, higher-pitched version of another instrument.
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La Bamba
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Mexican folk song, originally from the state of Veracruz
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Son Jalisciense
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a category of mariachi that features frequent subtle shifts of meter and tempo, making it more rhythmically active than most mariachi music
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Hemiola
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a metrical pattern in which two bars in simple triple time are articulated as if they were three bars in simple duple time
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Gaspar Vargas
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mariachi music composer
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Canciones
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general term for "song" in mexico
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Kattajaq
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an inuit throat-singing style from northern Quebec, Canada
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Jingle dress dance
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dance at powwow where the costume are made of material to make noise.
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Fancy dance
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Pan-Indian dancing, Fancy Feather or Fancy War Dance
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Powwow
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A pan-tribal american indian event celebrating native American identity and culture, generally also open to non-native americans
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Vocables
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Non-lexical vocables are often used in music
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R. Carlos Nakai
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Native American flautist of Navajo/Ute heritage
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Ballad
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a song that tells a story usually performed by a solo voice and commonly associated with music from the Appalachian region of the United States
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Murder Ballads
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presenting a story using a series of recognisable formulas, structures and language forms. In this case, a murder
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Social Control
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refers generally to societal and political mechanisms or processes that regulate individual and group behavior
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Carolina Chocolate Drops
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old-time string band from Durham, North Carolina, United States
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Sourwood Mountain
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traditional American folk song. Chicken's a-crowing on Sourwood Mountain
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Appalachia
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a geographic region marked by the appalachian mountains which extends through the eastern part of the united states.
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Francis James Child
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first person to hold the title of Professor of English at Harvard University. English poet, 305 canonical Child Ballads
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Cecil J. Sharp
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founding father of the folklore revival in England
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Singing School
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a tradition of teaching four-part harmony technique found in rural areas throughout the united stats
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The Sacred Harp
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most popular collection of shape-note songs
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Fuging tune
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a category of shape-note songs in which individual voices enter one after the other
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Bluegrass
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a style of american folk music characterized by virtuosic instrumental performance and the so-called "high lonesome" vocal style. In which a harmony pitch is sung above the main melody
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Mandolin
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a high-ranged fretted lute commonly used in bluegrass music from the united states.
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Bill Monroe
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American musician who helped develop the style of music known as bluegrass
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Blue note
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a note sung or played at a slightly lower pitch than that of the major scale for expressive purposes
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Hymn
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a "humanly composed" religious work
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Fisk Jubilee Singers
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African American a cappella ensemble
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Hammond B3 organ
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electric organ invented by Laurens Hammond in 1934. jazz, blues, rock music, and gospel music
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Mahalia Jackson
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African-American gospel singer. With her powerful contralto voice Jackson became one of the most influential gospel singers in the world and is the first Queen of Gospel Music
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Blues
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a secular folk music tradition originating within the african american community in southern united states
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Emic
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a term borrowed from linguistics, used by anthropologists and ethno-musicologists to describe the perspective of a cultural insider.
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Etic
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a term borrowed from linguistics, used by anthropologists and ethno-musicologists to describe the perspective of a cultural outsider
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Santur
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a hammered zither from the Persian classical tradition. often cited as the origin of hammered zithers
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Baglama
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a round bodied lute from turkey
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Zurna
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a double-reed aerophone from Turkey and Greece
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Ki Mantle Hood
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American ethnomusicologist, gamelan music from Indonesia
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Bimusicality
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study of music wherever and whenever
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Alan Merriam
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ethnomusicologist, The Anthropology of Music
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Indigenization
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force local cultures to adopt another
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classical
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art music produced in, or rooted in, the traditions of Western liturgical and secular music (9th century)
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folk
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folklore which originated in the 19th century. It has been defined in several ways; as music transmitted by word of mouth, music of the lower classes, music with no known composer
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popular
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musical genres "having wide appeal"
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Aerophone
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ethomusicalogical classification referring to instruments that require air to produce sound
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Chordophone
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ethomusicalogical classification referring collectively to the four types of stringed instruments: lutes, zithers, harps, lyres
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Idiophone
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ethomusicalogical classification encompassing instruments that themselves vibrateto produce sound, such as rattles, bells
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Membranophone
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ethomusicalogical classification referring instruments such as drums that use vibrating stretched membrane
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Timbre
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the tone quality or "color" of a musical sound
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Medium
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source of a sound, be it instrument or vocal
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Organology
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the study of musical instruments
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Fret
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a bar or ridge found on the fingerboard of chrodophones that enable performers to produce different melodic pitches with consistent frequency level.
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Phonic Structure
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the relationship between different sounds in a given piece; this relationship can either be monophonic is some form or polyphonic
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Monophony
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music with a single melodic line
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Polyphony
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the juxtaposition or overlapping of multiple lines of music (homophony, independent polyphony, heterophony)
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Homophony
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multiple lines of music expressing the same musical idea
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Independent polyphony
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multiple lines of music expressing independent musical ideas as a cohesive whole
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Heterophony
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multiple performers playing the simultaneous variations of the same line of music
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Dynamics
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the volume of a musical sound
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Form
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underlying structure of a musical performance
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Pitch
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a toe's specific frequency level, measured in Hertz (Hz)
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Tuning System
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the pitches common to a musical tradition
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Ornamentation
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an embellishment or decoration of a melody
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Melody
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an organized succession of pitches forming a musical idea
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Melodic contour
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the general direction and shape of a melody
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Drone
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A continuous sound
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Text setting
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the rhythmic relationship of words to melody; can be syllabic (one pitch per syllable) or melismatic (more than one pitch per syllable)
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Melisma
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term for text-setting style in which more than one pitch is sung per syllable
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Syllabic
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a text setting in which only one pitch is sung per syllable
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Rhythm
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the lengths or duration of sounds as patterns in time
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Beat
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a regular pulsation
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Accent
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an emphasized beat
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Tempo
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the relative rate of speed of a beat
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Rhythmic density
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the quantity of notes between periodic accents or over a specific unit of time.
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Meter
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a division of music beats into regular groupings
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Fieldwork
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general descriptive term for the collection of raw data
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Semiotics
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the study of "signs" and systems of signs, including music.
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Ethnocentrism
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the unconscious assumption that one's own cultural background is "normal", while others is "strange" or "exotic"
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Folklore
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the study of orally transmitted folk knowledge and culture
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Gerhard Kubik
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Kubik studied ethnology, musicology and African languages at the University of Vienna
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Kwela
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happy, often pennywhistle-based, street music from southern Africa with jazzy underpinnings and a distinctive, skiffle-like beat.
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Frances Densmore
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was an American ethnographer and ethnomusicologist, both being divisions of study within anthropology. specialized in Native American music and culture
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John Blacking
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British ethnomusicologist and anthropologist. John Blacking was educated at Salisbury Cathedral School and at King's College, Cambridge
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