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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the nine types of Sumerian and Babylonian literature?
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Hymns, laments, dirges, proverbs, essays, rules of conduct, fables, myths, and epic tales.
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What is the most famous surviving work of Mespotamia(and probablt the world's oldest epic?)
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Gilglamesh!
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What is another name for the Hebrew Bible?
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The Old Testament
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What types of literary forms are found in the Hebrew Bible?
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pslams(sacred hymns), historical narritives, proverbs.
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What does the word Mesopotamia mean?
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"the land between the rivers"
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What did the Mesopotamians use to make houses?
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River MUD
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What were the Mesopotamians known for?
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They were sucessful merchants and traders, known for thier stonwork, metalwork, and sculpture.
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What were city-states?
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A large town or city and the surrounding land.(Ur, Uruk, Lagash).
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What were ziggurats?
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Temples w/6 or 7 stories, ruled by a priest-king
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What was the Sumerian social class?
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Top: nobles(priests/gov't officials)
Middle: merchants, artisans, professionals(doctors) Lower: peasants(farmers) and slaves |
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What did the Sumerians develop in technology?
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1. mathmatical system based on a unit of sixty.
2. a calendar |
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What does "Babylon" mean?
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gate of the gods
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What is the main feature of Babylonian writing?
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Parallelism
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What did the Babylonians do to the Sumerian Culture?
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adopted it!
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Who is Hammarabi and what is he famous for?
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6th Babylonian ruler; established harsh Hammurabi Code, 282 laws.
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What did the Hittites do?
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Established a less harsh law code and left Babylon vurenerable to other invaders, like the Assyrians.
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What was Ninevah?
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The capital city of the Assyrians, on tigris river.
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Why did Nebuchanezzar build the Hanging Gardens?
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for his wife Amytis b/c she was homesick.
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What was the Tower of BAbel?
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huge zigarrat
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What are the compotnets of the Epic of Gilglamesh?
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1. long narritive
2. elevated language 3. superhuman heroth 4. vast territories 5. outcome affects world+more |
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What are the purposes for the myth?
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creation of world, human condition, explain natural phenomona, nature of gods, meanings behind rituals, and moral lessons (not historical events)
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when was giglamesh discovered?
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1839
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What is an epic?
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a long narritive that recounts the deeds of a larger-than-life hero who embodies the values of a particular society.
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Who is Giglamesh?
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A two-part god, one-part human, King of Uruk. Good leader but suffers from EXCESSIVE pride.
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What does Giglamesh tell us about the views of the MEsopotamians?
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They were pessimistic and did not beleive in an afterlife.
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Who is Enkidu?
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Made of clay, the gods sent Enkidu as a wrestling match for Gilglamesh, instead he becomes his friend.
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What bad things to G+Enkidu do?
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1. Destroyed Humbaba, the demon who guards the cedar forest.
2. level forest 3. reject Istar 4. kill Bull of Heaven |
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What does Enkidu see in the dream?
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Enkidu is transformed into a bird by a man-bird and led to the Queen of Darkness's palace. There the gods were served by mortals, kings and slaves alike.
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How long until Enkidu dies?
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12 days
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What is Giglamesh afraid of?
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Death
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