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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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League of Nations
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Association of countries established in 1919 in the Treaty of Versailles, promoted international peace and security
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Why did the League of Nations fail?
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-USA did not join League
-League could only use economic sanctions to halt aggression -No power to stop attacks or prevent war |
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Locarno Treaties
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1925 - Settled German borders with France, Beligium, Czechoslovakia, and Poland. Became a symbol of era of peace
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Why did the Locarno Treaties fail?
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Did not permanently end German attacks beyond its borders.
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Kellog-Briand Pact
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1928 - Outlawed war, agreed to solve problems peacefully, promised to limit size of navies
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Why did the Kellog-Briand Pact fail?
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No agreements about limiting size of armies, no means to enforce
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Mussolini
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Leader of Facist Party in Italy
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What was the extent of Mussolini's economic and social power?
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-Economic: restored economy putting people into jobs and building up army
-Social: Won support of middle and upper class |
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Totalitarian Rule
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Government takes total, centralized, state control over every aspect of private and public life
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Mein Kampf
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"My struggle" - book Hitler wrote in prison in which he developed his anti-semetic beliefs
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Nazism
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German type of facism - genocide, blaming certain groups(Jews), militarism, imperialism
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Stormtroopers
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German soldiers
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Kristallnacht
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November 9, 1938 - "Night of Broken Glass" first attack on Jews in which the Nazis killed Jews and burnt their homes/synogogues
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Concentration Camp
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Place where a large number of people are deliberately imprisoned to provide forced labor or to await mass execution - over 300 in Germany
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Authoritarian Rule in Eastern Europe
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Russia - Stalin, very little democracy, inequality in people
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II Duce
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Mussolini's nickname meaning "Great Leader"
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Facism
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Power concentrated in the state, provides authority to the government and unity to the country, created as it goes, extreme nationalism, imperialism, militarism
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Munich Conference
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Western European leaders agreed to give Czechoslovakia to Germany after Hitler said he would take no more land
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Communism
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System of social organization which holds all property in common, one party, lack civil rights, propaganda, government controls industry
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Rome-Berlin Axis
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Treaty between Italy and Germany in which they agreed to protect each other
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Black Shirts
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Mussolini's men
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What was the Weimar Republic and what were its weaknesses?
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1919 - Germany's new democratic government
1. Lacked democratic tradition 2. Germany had several major political parties 3. Republic blamed for defeat in WWI |
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Stock Market Crash
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October 29, 1929 - everyone began selling stocks and no one wanted to buy
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Great Depression
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A long buisness slump caused by the stock market crash in 1929
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Margin Buying
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Borrow money from someone to play the stock market
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What were the weak spots in America's economy before the Stock Market Crash?
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1. over population
2. low demand but high price for raw materials 3. high price for manufactured goods 4. too optimistic |
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What impact did the stock market crash have on the world?
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1. Americans demanded repayment of overseas loans
2. Americans withdrew money from Europe 3. High tariffs on goods imported to USA 4. World trade dropped 65% 5. Unemployment rose 6. Germany, Austria, Asia, Latin America also suffered depressions |
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What were the post war problems in England?
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1. massive debt
2. high unemployment 3. social unrest |
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Describe the issue that occurred in Spain in the years between the wars?
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Civil War - Francisco Franco led facists who overthrew Spain's government and made it into a facist government
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How did France recover from their depression?
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Provided jobs for the people (Maignot line), France was an agricultural country that was self-reliant, could rebuild quicker, unemployment was low
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Coalition Government
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Temporary alliance of several parties
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Maginot Line
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Enormous fence that France built along their border so Germans could not attack them
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What was the USA post war policy?
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Isolationism - trying to stay uninvolved (did not join the League of Nations)
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The New Deal
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Program of government reform launched by Roosevelt which employed millions, created an American welfare system, and launched social security
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List the Japanese Invasions
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1931: Japan seized Manchuria
1933: Japan left League of Nations 1937: Invaded China and defeated them in war |
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Third Reich
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Nazi Germany
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Nuremberg Laws
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1935 - antisemitic laws in Nazi Germany that deprived Jews of citizenship and prohibited marriage between Jews and other Germans
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FDR
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nickname of president Franklin Delano Roosevelt
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How did Mussolini seize power?
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Mussolini was head of the facist party which joined the parliamentary coalition in 1921. He gained more popularity because he promised to rebuild the economy, and in 1926, Mussolini abolished all political parties and created a totalitarian dictatorship. He then proceeded to take over Ethiopia and Albania.
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How did Hitler rise to power?
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-rhineland
-austria -sudeten land -czechoslovakia -poland |
