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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Fertile Crecsent?
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An area of fertile land in the Middle East, extending around the Rivers Tigris and Euphrates in a semicircle from Israel to the Persian Gulf, where the Sumerian, Babylonian, Assyrian, Phoenician, and Hebrew civilizations flourished.
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City-state?
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A state consisting of a sovereign city and its dependencies. Among the most famous are the great independent cities of the ancient world, such as Athens, Sparta, Carthage, Thebes, Corinth, and Rome.
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Cultural diffusion?
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The process by which a cultural trait, material object, idea, or behavior pattern is spread from one society to another.
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Polytheism?
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The doctrine of or belief in more than one god or in many gods.
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Epic of Gilgamesh?
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The oldest written story on Earth.
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Cataract?
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Large waterfall or rapid.
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Theocracy?
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Government by a deity or by a priesthood.
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Dynastic cycle?
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Political theory where every time a new ruler comes around a new dynasty begins. A Mandate of Heaven also comes along with the new ruler.
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Feudalism?
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Legal and social system that evolved in W Europe in the 8th and 9th centuries, in which vassals were protected and maintained by their lords, usually through the granting of fiefs, and were required to serve under them in war.
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Mandate of Heaven?
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Political theory of ancient China in which those in power were given the right to rule from a divine source.
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Brahmins?
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A person usually from an old, respected family who, because of wealth and social position, wields considerable social, economic, and political power.
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Vedas?
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The entire body of Hindu sacred writings, chief among which are four books, the Rig-Veda, the Sama-Veda, the Atharva-Veda, and the Yajur-Veda.
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Untouchables?
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Hinduism. The former name given to a member of a lower caste in India whose touch was believed to defile a high-caste Hindu; Harijan.
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Jainism?
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An ancient Hindu religion, which has its own scriptures and believes that the material world is eternal, progressing endlessly in a series of vast cycles.
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Nirvana?
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Buddhism, Hinduism. Final release from the cycle of reincarnation attained by extinction of all desires and individual existence, culminating (in Buddhism) in absolute blessedness, or (in Hinduism) in absorption into Brahman.
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Minoans?
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Native or inhabitant of ancient Crete.
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Herodotus?
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Greek historian, famous for his History dealing with the causes and events of the wars between the Greeks and the Persians.
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Torah?
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The Pentateuch, or the scroll on which this is written, used in synagogue services.
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Covenant?
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Binding agreement; contract.
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Enlightenment?
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The awakening to ultimate truth by which man is freed from the endless cycle of personal reincarnations to which all men are otherwise subject.
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