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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Worship places
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temples: priests read from Vedas or carry image of a deva out of the temple and bring it before the people
shrines home: individual worshipers may offer food, drink, or gifts to a deva, say silent prayers, or mediate, or silently reflect upon the world and its nature |
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Yoga (series of integrated physical and mental exercises)
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Purpose is to teach people how to focus their bodies and minds, which will aid their meditation and help them attain moksha
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Pilgrimage (religious journey)
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Ganges River: contact of 2 devas made the river's water holy
Bathe in the water and it will purify you and remove some of your bad karma Festivals along the Ganges attract millions of Hindu pilgrims |
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Vedas (sacred hymns of praise)
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one of the earliest texts of Hinduism
contains eternal knowledge not written by humans but revealed to them by Brahman written Vedas is considered the core of Hinduism today |
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writings inspired by Vedas: Upanishads
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revealed rather than written by people, too
built upon Vedas philosophical reflections on Vedas, dealing with such questions as the nature of the world and the meaning of life |
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sacred epics: Ramayana and Mahabharata
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each tells a story but at the same time reflects on what it means to live according to Vedic teachings
Ramayana tells of relationship between Rama (deva Vishnu in human form) and his wife Sita That couple is still a model couple today because of their devotion to each other and their willingness to obey their dharma Mahabharata tells of a war between two families that want to control part of the Ganges River Valley and also teaches about dharma and proper behavior for rulers, warriors, and others |
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Bhagavad Gita (Gita)
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written dialogue between warrior Arjuna and Krishna, again Vishnu in human form
conversation discusses many aspect of beliefs and philosophies |
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Rebirth and Salvation
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universe and everyone in it are part of a continual pattern of birth, death, and rebirth
after death = atman will be released from body and later reborn in another, process is called reincarnation (samara) nature of person's new life is shaped by his/her karma (the sum effect of his/her deeds and actions during life) moksha (ultimate goal in life; escape from the cycle of rebirth) when moksha is reached, atman leaves the world and reunites fully with Brahman work towards it because it releases a person from world cares and the difficulties of life on Earth must fulfill one's dharma (set of spiritual duties and obligations; based on class and their station in life) |
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Origin
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no founder
one of world's oldest religions evolved over thousands of years and was influenced by the cultures and traditions of many people |
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Brahman
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the eternal being that created and preserves the world
everything in the world is simply an aspect of him human mind can't understand it because it's an all-encompassing, literall all of creation people are aspects of Brahman each person has an atmam (a soul) that is an aspect of Brahman; shapes his/her personality and cannot be destroyed, even by death manifestations of Brahman are called devas and they help maintain order in nature |
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Ganesha
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lord of wisdom
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Lakshmi
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grants wealth
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3 devas
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Brahma the Creator: four heads for four Vedas
Vishnu the Preserver: four arms, each hold a symbol Siva the Destroyer: dancing on the back of a demon surrounded by fire some people worship thousands some people only worship one (usually Vishnu or Siva) |
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Dharma
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A person's spiritual duties and obligations, which he or she must follow to achieve liberation
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Karma
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the sum effect of a person's actions, both good and bad, which helps shape future experiences
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Moksha
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Liberation; release from the cycle of reincarnation, and joining with the atman
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Samsara
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Reincarnation; the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth a person follows before achieving liberation
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