World History Ii Exam 1

Front 1

Sun King. First Monarch to incorporate the idea of absolutist rule
(the idea that monarchs are ordained by God and therefore their rule is absolute). Reigned from 1643-1713

Back 1

Louis XIV

Front 2

Tokugawa leyasu

Back 2

Rule from 1600-1616. Founder of the Tokugawa shogunate. Established Japan's capital at Edo (Tokyo). Reversed Japan's policy towards Christians.

Front 3

Lived from 1571-1630. From 1609-1619 worked on planetary laws. Planetary laws contributed to the confirmation that the galaxy was heliocentric.

Back 3

Johannes Kepler

Front 4

1)Planets' orbits are ellipses
2)Planets' orbital speeds varies according to positions in orbit.
3) Planets' orbital speeds varies according to distance from the Sun.

Back 4

Kepler's Laws

Front 5

Social Contract. Natural Laws (Life, Liberty, and Property). Two Treatises of Civil Government and Essay Concerning Human understanding (both written 1690). Tabula Rasa (blank slate) Work significant to Enlightenment studies of the relationship between government and citizens and how humans learn to act and behave. lived from 1632-1704.

Back 5

John Locke

Front 6

Portuguese prince that was a patron of the sailing sciences and established sailing schools that contributed to European exploration, and later colonization, of Africa, Asia, and the Americas. Lived from 1395-1460.

Back 6

Henry the Navigator

Front 7

Priest and professor at Wittenburg University in Saxony. Opposed the Catholic Church's selling of indulgences. Wrote 95 Theses in 1517 which led to the Protestant Reformation. Tried at the Diet of Worms in 1521. Lived from 1483-1546.

Back 7

Martin Luther

Front 8

Chinese Dynasty that lasted from 1368-1644. Strong Emperors such as Hongwu (r. 1368-1398) and Yongle (r. 1403-1424. Yongle moves capital to Beijing.

Back 8

Ming Dynasty

Front 9

Vasco da Gama

Back 9

First European to successfully sail around Africa to India in 1497. Feat allows Europe to rely less on Arab traders for goods and gives Europe more Economic Power.

Front 10

practice of granting individuals the right to demand tribute from native people in the New World through payment or personal service. Practice began late 1400s-early 1500's.

Back 10

Encomienda

Front 11

Trading Company founded in 1602. Batavia outpost founded on Java in 1619 by Jan Pieterszoon Coen. Trading post for supplies for company voyages established in Capetown, South Africa in 1652 by Jan van Riebeeck. Trade Company leads to the eventual shift of economic power from Asia to Europe.

Back 11

Dutch East India Company

Front 12

Lead Massive Chinese fleets in explorations of the South China Sea, Indian Ocean, and East Africa that began in 1405.

Back 12

Zheng He

Front 13

Spanish monarchs that ruled together from 1474-1504. Marriage in 1469 unified the Kingdoms of Aragon and Castile, thus centralizing the Spanish government enough to defeat the Moors at Grenada in 1492 and begin sea explorations the same year.

Back 13

Ferdinand (Fernando) and Isabella (Isabel)

Front 14

Devshrime

Back 14

Christian males that were converted to Islam by Ottomans and were given indentured service positions in ruling class families. Practice ended in 1600s.

Front 15

Ruled Persian Empire from 1588-1629. Exercised many administrative and military reforms, made and alliance with the English, and moves the Capital to Isfahan. Defeats Uzbeks and Ottomans. Takes Hermuz in 1622.

Back 15

Shah Abbas

Front 16

Ruler of India from 1556-1605. Consolidated the empire, reformed administration, and exercised great religious tolerance. Eliminated Jizya tax on non-Muslims in 1564. Founded the "Divine Faith" in 1582.

Back 16

Akbar

Front 17

Wrote Principia Mathematica in 1687. Wrote Optics in 1704, which explained prisms and the light spectrum. Founded Three Laws of Motion and The Law of Universal Gravity. Work is a fine example of the scientific method at work that was proposed by Francis Bacon and Reiterated in The Discourse on Method by Rene Descartes.

Back 17

Issac Newton

Front 18

1) Object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion until acted on by an outside force (inertia).
2) Acceleration is mathematically related to external force and to the mass of the object.
3) For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Back 18

Newton's Three Laws of Motion

Front 19

There is a force of attraction between every two bodies in the Universe, mathematically related to their mass and to the distance between them.

Back 19

Newton's Law of Universal Gravity.