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47 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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imperialism |
the domination by one country of the political, economic, or cultural life of another country or region |
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protectorate |
a region in which a local ruler was left in place but expected to follow the advice of European advisors on issues such as trade or missionary activity |
was less costly |
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Sphere of Influence |
an area in which an outside power claimed exclusive investment or trading privileges |
the goal was to prevent conflict with other colonial powers |
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Direct Rule |
- was practiced by France - was when officials and soldiers from France were sent to administer their colonies - France and Britain could still resort to military force if its control over the colony was threatend |
the goal was to impose French culture on their colonies and turn them into French provinces |
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Indirect Rule |
- was a system used by the British - local rulers were used to govern colonies -encouraged the children of the ruling class to be educated in England. |
the goal was to groom a new "westernized" generation of leaders to continue indirect imperial rule and to spread British civilization |
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Usman dan Fodio |
scholar who inspired resistance against corruption and European control; began an Islamic revival in northern Nigeria |
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Shaka |
military leader of the Zulu who united his people, setting off a series of wars in southern Africa |
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paternalistic |
governing a country as a father would a child |
many Europeans viewed the Africans and Indians in this manner |
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David Livingstone |
an African explorer and missionary who hoped to open the African interior to trade and Christianity to end slavery |
was "found" by Henry Stanley |
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Henry Stanley
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American journalist who trekked across Africa and “found”Dr. Livingstone in 1871 Later hired by King Leopold II of Belgium, he explored the Congo river basin, seeking wealth and fame and setting off a competition for colonies. |
helped King Leopold explore the Congo River Basin and arranged trade treaties with African leaders
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King Leopold II |
king of Belgium who set off a scramble among European powers for African colonies in the late 1800s |
dreamed of conquest and profit |
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Boer War |
1899–1902; a war in which the British defeated Dutch Boers in South Africa |
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Samori Touré |
leader of forces fighting the French in West Africa |
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Yaa Asanewaa |
queen of the Asante who led her people’s battle against the British in West Africa |
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Nehanda |
woman who led the Shona of Zimbabwe against the British until her capture and execution |
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Menelik II |
reforming leader who tried to modernize Ethiopia, allowing it to avoid colonial takeover |
provincial ruler in the Ottoman Empire |
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elite |
upper class |
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Muhammad Ahmad |
a Sudanese man who announced he was the Mahdi, setting off resistance to British expansion in northern Africa |
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Mahdi |
a Muslim savior of the faith |
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pasha |
provincial ruler in the Ottoman empire
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sultan |
a Muslim ruler |
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genocide |
a deliberate attempt to destroy a cultural, racial, or political group |
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Muhammed Ali |
father of modern Egypt; expanded cotton production, encouraged development, increased participation in world trade, and invited Western military experts to Egypt to help build a well-trained, modern army |
govern of Egypt, sometimes called the "father of modern Egypt" |
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concession |
special right given to a foreign power, such as the right to drill for oil or export minerals |
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sati |
Hindu custom that called for a widow to join her husband in death by throwing herself on his funeral fire |
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sepoy |
Indian soldier hired by the British East India Company; sepoys rebelled in 1857 |
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viceroy |
British official who ruled in India in the name of the queen |
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deforestation |
the destruction of forest land |
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Ram Mohun Roy |
Indian reformer who founded Hindu University in Calcutta; sought to reform but not replace Indian culture |
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purdah |
the isolation of women into separate quarters |
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balance of trade |
the difference between how much a country imports and how much it exports |
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trade surplus |
situation in which a country exports more than it imports |
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trade deficit |
situation in which a country imports more than it exports |
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Opium War |
a war that took place in 1839 when China outlawed opium and clashed with British merchants selling it in China; British gunboats easily defeated the Chinese |
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indemnity |
payment for losses in a war |
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extraterritoriality |
the right of foreigners to be protected by the laws of their own nation |
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Taiping Rebellion |
a massive peasant uprising against corruption in the Qing dynasty; between 1850 and 1864, 20 to 30 million may have perished |
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Sino-Japanese War |
the 1894 war between China and Japan where Japan gained Taiwan |
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Open Door Policy |
the 1899 United States policy that kept Chinese trade open to everyone on an equal basis |
No one consulted China (China was forced to accept it) |
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Guang Xu |
the young emperor who attempted to bring reform to the Qing dynasty |
was imprisoned |
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Boxer Uprising - also known as the Boxer Rebellion |
anti-foreign movement in China from 1898–1900 |
the Boxers goal was to drive out the "foreign devils" who were polluting the land with their un-chinese ways, strange buildings, machines, and telegraph lines |
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Sun Yixian |
was a passionate spokesman for a Chinese republic who organized the Revolutionary Alliance to rebuild China on the Three Principles of the People, in the early 1900s |
named first president of new Chinese republic in 1911 |
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"Three Principles of The People" by Sun Yixian |
• nationalism - freeing China from foreign domination • democracy - representative government • livelihood - economic security for all Chinese |
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Suez Canal |
a waterway in Egypt that stretched more than 100 miles and connected the Mediterranean and Red Seas |
shortened the travel distance from Western Europe to ports in East Africa and Asia |
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Why did Britain want the Suez Canal? |
The canal reduced the trip from London, England to Bombay, India by 5,150 |
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How did Britain gain control over the Suez Canal |
Egypt was unable to repay the loans contracted for the canal and other projects. The shares in the canal was sold to Britain to repay the debt. |
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Suez Canal |
In 1858, a French entrepreneur, Ferdinand de Lesseps, organized a company to build the Suez Canal linking the Mediterranean to the Red Sea. Opened in 1869, the 100-mile-long Suez Canal cut the distance for ships traveling from India to London by over 5,000 miles.It kept Egypt at the crossroads of the world. |
The English gained control of the canal when one of Ali’s successors fell into debt to Britain. |
