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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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LIST OF KEY TERMS
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monsoon, Sanskrit, raja, caste system, caste, Hinduism, reincarnation, karma, dharma, yoga, Buddhism, ascetic, nirvana, Silk Road, pilgrim, aristocracy, Mandate of Heaven, Dao, filial piety, Confucianism, Daoism, Legalism, regime, censorate
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monsoon
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a seasonal wind pattern in southern Asia that blows warm, moist air from the southwest during summer, bringing heavy rains, and cold, dry air from the northeast during the winter
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Sanskrit
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the first writing system of the Aryans, developed around 1000 B.C.
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caste system
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a set of rigid categories in ancient India that determined a person's occupation and economic potential as well as his or her position in society, based partly on skin color
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caste
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one of the five major divisions of Indian classes in ancient times: Brahmans, Kshatriyas, Vaisyas, Sudras, and Untouchables
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Hinduism
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the major Indian religious system, which had its origins in the religious beliefs of the Aryans ho settled India after 1500 B.C.
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reincarnation
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the rebirth of an individual's soul in a different form after death
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karma
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in Hinduism, the force generated by a person's actions that determined how the person will be reborn in the next life
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dharma
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in Hinduism, the divine law that rules karma; it requires all people to do their duty based on their status in society
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yoga
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a method of training developed by the Hindus that is supposed to lead to oneness with God
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Buddhism
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a religious doctrine introduced in northern India in the sixth century B.C. by Siddhartha Gautama known as the Buddha, or "Enlightened One"
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ascetic
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a person who practices self-denial to achieve an understanding of ultimate reality
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nirvana
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in Buddhism, ultimate reality the end of the self and a reunion with the Great World Soul
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Silk Road
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a route between the Roman Empire and China, so called because silk was China's most valuable product
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pilgrim
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a person who travels to a shrine or other holy place
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aristocracy
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an upper class whose wealth is based on land and whose power is passed on from one generation to another
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Mandate of Heaven
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a nation governed by another nation on behalf of the League of Nations
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Dao
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"Way," the key to proper behavior under Confucianism
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filial piety
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the duty of family members to subordinate their needs and desires to those of the male head of the family, a concept important in Confucianism
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Confucianism
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the system of political and ethical ideas formulated by the Chinese philosopher Confucius toward the end of the Zhou dynasty; it was intended to help restore order to a society that was in a state of confusion
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Daoism
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a system of ideas based on the teachings of Laozi; teaches that the will of Heaven is best followed through inaction so that nature is allowed to take its course
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Legalism
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a popular philosophy developed in China toward the end of the Zhou dynasty, it proposes that human beings are evil by nature and can only be brought to the correct path by harsh laws
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regime
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the government on power
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censorate
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part of the Chinese bureaucracy that made sure government officials were doing their jobs
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