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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What had happened to Rome right before the Middle Ages?
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-Emperor Constantine had tried to unify Eastern and Western Rome and moved the capital from Rome to Byzantium (Constantinople or Instambul)
–After his death the East Roman Emp survived for another 1000 yrs (Western Rome collapsed by invasion of Germanic Tribes – pushed out by Attila/Huns) |
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Justinian
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a high ranking byzantine nobleman who became In 527
- Became Emperor of Eastern Empire of Rome (whose capital was in Byzantine=Constantinople=Turkey) -Developed a New Rome – claimed to be the Emperor of the Whole Roman Empire (both Western & Eastern) |
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Belisarius
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Justinian #1 Army General
– one of the great military geniuses of the ancient world - led the capture of N Africa, Rome and the Nika Rebellion –right after Justinian took over, he sent him to capture N Africa and Rome – he helped expand Roman Empire |
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describe Byzantines politics & government
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- as brutal and often deadly, as Emperors lived at constant risk of assassination.
- 29/88 died violently and 13/88 abandoned the throne to live in monasteries. -Byzantine emperors ruled with absolute power: headed both the Church and the State - they appointed bishops and dismissed bishops |
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What was the Justinian code? Why created?
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- a single uniform code of laws -composed of 4 books/works - developed by Legal experts - Purpose: to regulate the ethnically complex Byzantine society (since there were people from many different countries - we needed uniformity) - Controlled all Byzantine legal matters (marriage, -regulated all of slavery, property, woman's rights, etc) - RESULTS: Provided uniformity and unity in the Empire - brought all the groups together
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What are the 4 works of Justinian Code called?
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1. The code - Contained nearly 5,000 roman laws
2. the Digest -Thinker's opinions about laws 3. The Institutes - textbooks for law students 4. the Novellae -legislations after 534 |
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JUSTINIAN'S ACCOMPLISHMENTS
(New Rome) |
1) REGAINED ROME, parts of Italy and parts of Spain
2) recovered N. Africa from Germanic tribes 3) Justinian Code 4)Public Building Program 5) Preservation of Roman-Greco culture (Homer/Euclid) 6) encouraged learning |
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What are the major building operations under Justinian?
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- The construction of a 14 mile stone wall align the cities coastline
- many Church buildings (emperor's passion) - and build baths aqueducts, law courts, schools, and hospitals. |
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What is Hagia Sophia?
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- THE most splendid church in the Christian world
- built by Justinian's projects - "Holy wisdom" is the meaning of this term in Greek |
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what was the Hippodrome
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It was a entertainment stadium which held 60,000 spectators and was a race track for horses, and chariots
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who was Empress Theodora
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-Justinian's wife
-the most powerful women in Byzantanian history -very active in the politics while her Justinian was around - she didn't let Justanian flee during the Nika rebellion |
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Nika Rebellion
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when the fans of the Hippodrome started rioting b.c they were angry with the govt b.c they felt city officals were too strict w. prior riots. They wanted Justanian overthrown -Belisarius came in with army and killed 30,000 people
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Why did the Byz Empire fall?
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1) the bubonic plague - came from India /aSIA- the Plague killed 10,000 people every day -HUGE % OF Byz PEOPLE DIED
2) invasions from East/West - they tried very hard to survive invasions and attacks with bribes, political marriages, etc (survived 100 yrs like this) 3) Finally fell when the empire fell to the Ottoman Turks in 1453 CE |
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BLACK Death OR BUBONIC PLAGUE
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- Great Plague that swept through Europe in 1347 AD
-one of the worst natural disasters in history - severely impacted England and other countries -1/3 of people in Europe, 2/3 of some areas of China and parts of SW Asia died -culprits: fleas that lived on rats -believed to have originated in Asia and moved via traders -Church suffered as people didn't understand why God wasn't helping - they rebelled -transmitted via saliva or fleas |
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Explain this quote "The Mongols attacked the Italian forces in the island of Sicily. Using the catapult they initiated a bacteriologic war".
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- some believed the plague came from Caffa, an Italian trading port on the Black Sea --Area was inhabited by Muslim Tartars who thought the Christians from Italy had brought the plague, but it's belived that the Mongols merchants brought them -As a revenge, the Tartans threw a bunch of infected corpses over a wall of Caffa and infected the Italians, who then fled to Italy infecting all of Europe - disease spread via trade routes -music was affected as people associated music witj happy times and didn't want to play music
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What was the Church split into? why?
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Roman Catholic (West), and Eastern Orthadox (East) b.c of political and religious differences b/n the East and the West -Started when Emperor Leo banned the use of Icons, while the Pope supported the use of Icons Pope
- ordered excommunications of the Emperor Leo III(outcast from the Church) -This started the division and eventually Church split |
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Differences between Roman Catholic Church & Eastern Orthodox Church
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Roman Catholic Church Vs. Eastern Orthodox church Services in latin vs Services in Greek Pope is max authority vs. Patriach and other bishops head the church as group Priests may not marry vs. Patriarchs may be married Divorce is not Accepted vs. Divorce is allowed under certain conditions
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what is the Great schism?
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This was the split in the Church, A split in the church caused by 2 popes who declared the other to be a false pope, excommunicating his rival. The French pope lived in Avignon, while the Italian pope lived in Rome
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what is a Patriarch name 1
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leading bishop of the east St John Chrysostom
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what are Icons
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images used by Eastern Christians to aid their devotions
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what is Excommunication
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an out casting of someone from the Church
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