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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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superpowers
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nations stronger than other powerful nations
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anti-ballistic missles (ABMs)
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missiles that can shoot down other missiles from hostile countries
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Ronald Reagan
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the president of the US from 1980 to 1988
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détente
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the relaxation of Cold War tensions
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Fidel Castro
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leader of an armed rebellion in Cuba, who took power there in 1959 and allied with the Soviet Union
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John F. Kennedy
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the president of the US from 1961 to 1963
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ideology
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a system of values and beliefs
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Nikita Khrushchev
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the leader of the Soviet Union after Stalin's death in 1953, who called for "peaceful coexistence" with the West
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Leonid Brezhnev
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the leader of the Soviet Union from the mid-1960s until 1982; reinstated the policy of imprisoning critics
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containment
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the policy of trying to keep communism within its existing boundaries and preventing further expansion
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recession
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a period when the economy shrinks
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suburbanization
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the movement of people from the city to communities in the suburb
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segregation
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forced separation by race, sex, religion, or ethnicity
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discrimination
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unequal treatment or barriers suffered by minorities
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Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
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a gifted preacher who emerged as a leader of the civil rights movement in the 1950s
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Konrad Adenauer
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West Germany's chancellor from 1949 to 1963, who guided the nation's rebuilding
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welfare state
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a country with a market economy but with increased government responsibility for the social and economic needs of its people
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European Community
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an organization of European nations dedicated to establishing free trade among all member nations for all products
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gross domestic product (GDP)
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the total value of all goods and services produced in a nation in a particular year
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collectivization
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the forced pooling of peasant land and labor in an attempt to increase productivity
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Great Leap Forward
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a Chinese Communist program from 1958 to 1960 to boost farm and industrial output that failed miserably
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Cultural Revolution
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a Chinese Communist program in the late 1960s to purge China of non-revolutionary tendencies that caused economic and social damage
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38th parallel
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the dividing line between North Korea and South Korea after World War II
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Kim Il Sung
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North Korean dictator and ally of the Soviet Union
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Syngman Rhee
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noncommunist dictatorial leader of South Korea who was backed by the United States
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Pusan Perimeter
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the line where U.N. troops stopped the advance of North Korea in 1950
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demilitarized zone
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an area with no military forces
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guerrillas
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small groups of loosely organized soldiers making surprise raids
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Ho Chi Minh
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a communist leader in Vietnam who fought the Japanese, fought the French, and battled US supported South Vietnam for control of the country
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Dienbienphu
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a bloody battle between the French and the Vietnamese in 1954 that resulted in the French leaving Vietnam
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domino theory
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the view that a communist victory in South Vietnam would cause noncommunist governments across Southeast Asia to fall to communism like a row of dominoes
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Viet Cong
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the communist rebels trying to overthrow South Vietnam's government
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Tet Offensive
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an unexpected 1968 guerrilla attack on American and South Vietnamese forces in cities all across South Vietnam on the Vietnamese New Year
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Khmer Rouge
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a force of Cambodian communist guerrillas who overthrew the Cambodian government in 1975
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Pol Pot
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a brutal dictator who led the Khmer Rouge and killed a third of the population in an effort to destroy all Western influences
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mujahedin
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Muslim religious warriors in Afghanistan
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Mikhail Gorbechev
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a leader in the Soviet Union who came to power in 1985 and was eager to bring about reforms
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glasnost
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a policy in the Soviet Union of greater openness
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perestroika
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restructuring of government and the economy in the Soviet Union
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Lech Walesa
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the leader of Polish shipyard workers who organized an independent labor union that called for political and economic changes; later elected president of Poland
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Solidarity
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an independent labor union in Poland
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Václav Havel
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a dissident writer and human rights activist who was elected president of Czechoslovakia in 1989
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Nicolae Ceausescu
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Romania's long-time dictator, who refused to step down and was executed
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