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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Khyber Pass
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Mountain pass that enabled ancient invaders to enter northern India
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Two major regions of India
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1) North: The Plain of the Indus and Ganges; 2) South: Deccan Plateau
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Early Indus River Valley Civilization
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3000 - 1500 BC
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Aryan Conquests (Vedic Age)
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2000 - 600 BC; Peoples crossed northweset mountain passes and invaded Indus Plain; Spoke Sanskrit
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Dravidians
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Peoples conquered by Aryans and driven to the south; placed into separate, inferior class and possible forerunner to caste system
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Rig-Veda
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Oldest religous writings of the Veda chronicling Aryan history and culture, eventually becoming part of Hindu religion
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Persian Rule in Northwest India
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521 - 367 BC; Darius annexed Indus River region to Persian empire
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Alexander of Greece Conquers Northwest India
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326 BC; Increased Greek influence on India in trade, culture and government
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Maurya Empire
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Indian family establishing first great Indian empire
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Chandragupta
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Established Mauryan empire 322 - 298 BC; Drove out Greek garrisons left by Alexander; Established highly centralized government modeled after Persian practice
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Asoka
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Outstanding ruler of Mauryan Empire; Ruled 273 - 232 BC; Regarded as one of worlds noblest rulers; conquered 2/3 of India then rejected war and converted to Buddhism
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Gupta Empire
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320 - 535 AD; Indias golden age; Invaded in 6th century by White Huns
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Caste system
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1500 BC; Strictly segregated subject peoples
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Hinduism
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Stresses caste divisions and opposes slaughter of animals because of possible reincarnation
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Three forms soul assumes in Hinduism
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Brahma (Creator); Vishnu (Preserver); Siva (Destroyer)
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Guatama
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Buddha, the Enlightened One; Left life of nobility for self-denial and meditation
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Veda
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Hindu hymns, prayers, and religious principles
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Mahabharata & Ramayana
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Great epic poems compared with Homeric epics of Greece
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Kalidasa
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5th century AD poet and playwright; India's Shakespeare
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Indian mathematics
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Devised concept of zero, employed decimal system, developed rudimentary algebra, created modern written numbers
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