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20 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Human-made objects such as tools & jewelry from the past
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What is an Artifact?
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Objects that tell how people lived, worked, worshiped, etc.
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A people's unique way of life
comprised of socially transmitted behavior patterns, arts, beliefs, institutions, and all other human work & thought of a population. |
What is Culture?
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The total product of human creativity and intellect at a particular time.
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Humans and other creatures that walk up-right (bipedally), ex. australopithecines
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What is a Hominid?
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Ex. Lucy - found by Mary Leakey in Tanzania, East Africa in 1974.
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The Old Stone Age (2.5 Million to 8000B.C.) when the oldest stone chopping tools were made.
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What is the Paleolithic Age?
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Invention of tools, making fire, & language development
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Second phase of Stone Age when people learned to polish stone tools, make pottery, grow crops, & raise animals.
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What is the Neolithic Age?
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8000B.C. to 3000B.C., the "New" Stone Age.
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Using intelligence to develop ways of applying knowledge, tools, and inventions to meet human needs.
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What is Technology?
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This development allowed early humans migrate through developing better tools,language, & fire-making.
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The species name for modern humans meaning "wise men" who had much larger brains than Homo Erectus.
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What are Homo Sapiens?
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Ex. Neanderthals & Cro-Magnons.
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Highly mobile people who moved from place to place foraging (searching) for new sources of food.
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What are Nomads?
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Lifestyle of Old Stone Age Hominids
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Nomadic groups whose food supply depends on hunting animals and collecting plant foods.
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What are Hunter-Gatherers?
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Used tools such as special spears and digging sticks.
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The Agricultural Revolution which shifted from food-gathering to food-producing culture which allowed humans to specialize in their work.
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What is the Neolithic Revolution?
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Allowed for Diversified Occupations.
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Third world countries clear-cut trees and grasses and burn them to clear fields for planting crops.
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What is Slash-and-Burn Farming?
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Burning puts nitrogen in soil which produces good crops temporarily but soon loses its fertility.
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The taming of animals (ex. cat, dog, pig, horse) over long periods of time with humans.
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What is Domestication?
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Pastoral nomads tended sheep, goats, camels,etc. as a constant source of milk and meat in their migration
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A complex culture with 5 major characteristics: (1)advanced cities (2)specialized workers (3)complex institutions (4) record-keeping (5) advanced technology.
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What is Civilization?
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Advanced Cities were the birthplace of ____?______
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The development of skills in a specific kind of work
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What is Specialization?
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developed due to large food surplus
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Skilled workers who made goods by hand.
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What is an Artisan?
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Ex. stone workers, metalurgists, carpenters, jewelers, et. al.
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A long-lasting pattern of organization in a community.
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What is an Institution?
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Ex. government, religion, economy, et. al.
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Professional record-keepers who, in Sumer, invented a system of writing called cuneiform (wedge-shaped)
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What are Scribes?
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this "wedge-shaped" writing developed after pictographs -symbols of the objects or what they represented
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When people in Sumer began using bronze to fashion tools and weapons.
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What is the Bronze Age?
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This age developed a metal harder and more durable than stone or copper around 3000B.C. Ex. the Ice Man found in 1991.
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A means of trading goods and services without money.
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What is Bartering?
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trading services for goods or vice versa or goods for goods.
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A massive, tiered, pyramid-shaped monument used for worship (polytheistic)
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What is a Ziggurat?
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A holy temple used for worship and sacrifices
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