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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
refugee
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person who must leave his or her home and flee elsewhere for safety
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chaparral
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type of vegetation made up of dense forests of shrubs and short trees, common in Mediterranean climates
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dialect
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local form of a langauage used in a particular place or by a certain group
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environmentalist
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perosn actively concerned with the quality an protection fo the environment
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heavy industry
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the manufacture of machinery and equipment needed for factories and mines
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sirocco
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hot desert wind that can blow air and dust from North Africa to western Europe's Mediterranean coast
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peat
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vegetable matter usually found in swamps; sometimes cut and burned as fuel in parts of western Europe
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fjord
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long, steep-sided glacial valley now filled by seawater
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foehn
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warm dry wind that blows from the leeward side of mountains, sometimes melting snow and causing an avalanche
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collective farm
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under communism, a large, state-owned farm on which farmers received wages plus a share of products and profits
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romanticism
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artistic style emphasizing individual emotions that developed in Europe in the late 1700s and early 1800s as a reation to industrialization
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permafrost
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permantly frozen layer of soil beneath the surface of the ground
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cold war
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refers to the power struggle between the soviet union an dthe united states
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acid rain
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precipitation carrying large amounts of pollution
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communism
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social and political movement developed by Marx and Lenin that favored revolution to establish a classless society in which workers would control industrial production
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light industry
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manufacturing aimed at making consumer goods, such as textiles or food processing
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welfare state
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nation in which got assumes major responsibility for peoples welfair in areas such as health and education
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biologist
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scientist who studies plant and animal life
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mixed farming
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raising several kinds of crops and livestock on the same farm
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polder
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low lying area of the netherlands from which seawater has been drained to create new farmland
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consumer goods
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household goods, shoes, and clothing that individuals buy
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farm cooperative
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organization in which farmers share in growing and selling farm products
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holocaust
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term given to the mass killings of 6 million European Jews by Germany's Nazi leaders during World War II
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impressionism
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artistic style that developed in Europe in the late 1800s and tried to show the natural appearance of objects with dabs or strokes of color
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realism
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artistic style portraying everyday life that developed in Europe during the mid-1800s
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language family
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group of reltated languages that have all eveloped from one earlier language
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acid desposition
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wet or dry airborne acids that fall on the earth
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meltwater
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water formed by melting snow and ice
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feudalism
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system of govt in which powerful lords gave land to nobles in return for pledges of loyalty
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mistral
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strong northerly wind from the Alps that can bring cold air to southern france
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organic farming
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the use of natural substances to enrich the soil and grow crops rather than chemical fertilizers and pesticides
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state farm
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under communism, a state-owned farm managed by govt officials
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crusades
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sereies of religious wars in which European Christians tried to retake palestine from muslim rule
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city-state
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in ancient Greece, independent community consisting of a city and the surroounding lands, where democracy first developed
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avalanche
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mass of ice, snow, or rock that slides down a mountain side
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reformation
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religious movement that began in Germany in the 1400s, leading to the establishment of protestant churches
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tariff
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a tax on imports or exports
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