World Cultures Chapter 4-Rome

Front 1

Roman form of government in which voters elected officials to run the state

Back 1

Republic

Front 2

The Sea along Italy provided:

Back 2

a.)protection
b.)route for trade
c.) route to conquer others

Front 3

a.)provided limited protection from invasions
b.)blocked cold winds to provide a moderate climate

Back 3

Alps

Front 4

Apennine Mountains run...

Back 4

the lenghth of Italy

Front 5

provided water for the rich farmlands of the north

Back 5

Po, Arno,and Rubicon Rivers

Front 6

Tiber River provided....

Back 6

food and transportation route

Front 7

Most people liked the west because...

Back 7

a.)land was fertile
b.)good harbors and long rivers provided trade routes and fertile lands to farm

Front 8

Rome's natural advantages:

Back 8

a. located in a fertile coastal plain
b.) built on 7 hills overlooking the Tiber River

Front 9

Some other of Rome's natural advantages.....

Back 9

c. gave Romans the ability to see enemies before they arrived in the city
d. located inland, so it was not exposed to raids by sea

Front 10

peoples of Italy

Back 10

Latins

Front 11

Latins were...

Back 11

a.) farmers and herders
b.) founded Rome
c.) adopted the ideas from Greeks and Phoenicians who had colonized Sicily and Italy

Front 12

a. migrated from Asia minor
b. ruled Rome from 600 B.C. to 500 B.C.

Back 12

Etruscans

Front 13

Etruscan contributions:...

Back 13

a.) alphabet
b.) worshipped Etruscan gods
c.) adopted Etruscan styles of art
d.) adopted building techniques including the arch

Front 14

509 B.C.- Romans overthrew the __________ king and formed a __________

Back 14

Etruscan
republic

Front 15

Roman republic lasted for ____ years

Back 15

500

Front 16

All _________ with the right to ________ chose leaders

Back 16

citizens
vote

Front 17

Roman republic grew from a small city-state into a

Back 17

world power

Front 18

wealthy landowners

Back 18

Patricians

Front 19

Plebians were common people, including...

Back 19

a.) farmers
b.) artisans
c.) merchants
d.) traders

Front 20

POWS or plebians in debt slavery

Back 20

Slaves

Front 21

Early Government: 3 Groups Govern:

Back 21

a.)Senate
b.)magistrates
c.)popular assemblies

Front 22

consuls adminisitered the laws and served one year terms, 2 were appointed

Back 22

Magistrates

Front 23

Magistrates had (a.) power to ________ over each other

Back 23

veto

Front 24

appointed by Senate if consuls could agree. Could only hold office for 6 (six) months

Back 24

disctator

Front 25

helped consuls by commanding armies and overseeing the legal system

Back 25

praetors

Front 26

registered citizens and suggested candidates for election to the Senate

Back 26

censors

Front 27

Plebians elected to serve in the ________ __________, and had little power

Back 27

popular assembly

Front 28

Roman army required all citizens who _____ _____ to serve in the army

Back 28

owned land

Front 29

True / False--- Roman army was highly disciplined

Back 29

True!!

Front 30

Roman army was divided into legions of __________ _______

Back 30

6,000 soldiers

Front 31

Governmental changes: True/False: Senate remains the same

Back 31

True!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Front 32

replaced popular assembly; elected ten (10) ________ to speak for the plebians

Back 32

Assembly of Tribes
tribunes

Front 33

Assembly of Centuries was composed of.....

Back 33

a.) composed of Roman army soldiers, patritcians, and plebians

Front 34

This assembly passed laws, and elected censors

Back 34

Assembly of Centuries

Front 35

This clearly listed laws and punishments in 451 B.C.

Back 35

Clearly listed laws and punishments

Front 36

True/False 450-250 B.C.- Plebians gained more rights

Back 36

True!

Front 37

Plebians' rights:

Back 37

a. marriage between patricians and plebians
b. tribunes won the right to veto government action that threatens the rights of plebians
c. Assembly of Tribes gained right to pass laws
d. Plebians were allowed to hold office, including consul
e. Plebians could join Senate

Front 38

In Roman family life, extended ______ was normal

Back 38

family

Front 39

A. absolue head of family
B. Could sell kids into slavery
C. Could abandon an unwanted kid

Back 39

Father

Front 40

Education included _____ tutors, _____ supervised children's education, boys and _____ were educated

Back 40

Greek
Fathers
Girls

Front 41

Children were taught...

Back 41

a.values
b. history
c.reading
d.writing
e.public speaking

Front 42

Women could own _________, make their own ______, supervised ________ and __________, were not sequestered, were alloweed to join in __________, shared in family __________

Back 42

property
make own wills
children and slaves
public festivals
family decision

Front 43

Roman religion....

Back 43

a. polytheistic
b. had household shrines
c. engaged in public religious festivals
d. Adopted other cultures' religious beliefs and gods

Front 44

Jupiter =
Venus=

Back 44

Zeus
Aphrodite

Front 45

Expansion of Rome: _____ and ________ fought three wars over control of the western __________ sea.

Back 45

Rome
Carthage
Mediterranean

Front 46

Cause: control of Sicily
Sea power vs. land power

Back 46

The First Punic War

Front 47

Effect: Rome wins, gaining Sicily, __________, and ________
Rome gains first overseas province
Rome becomes a natural power

Back 47

The First Punic War
Sardinia
Corsica

Front 48

Cause: revenge

Back 48

The Second Punic War

Front 49

Cause: Hannibal left for Italy with 40,000 foot soldiers
8,000 horsemen
37 elephants to carry heavy equipment
Roamed across Italy destroying towns
Returned to Carthage and was defeated at Battle of Zama

Back 49

The Second Punic War

Front 50

Effect: Carthage was forced to pay heavy fine and give Spain to Rome
Carthage promised not to wage war without Rome's consent

Back 50

The Second Punic War

Front 51

Cause: Carthage was charged with a technical breach of treaty because they resisted encroachment of Nubian king, Masinissa who was a Roman ally

Back 51

The Third Punic War

Front 52

During the Third Punic War, Rome also conquered

Back 52

Greece
Southern Gaul
Macedonia

Front 53

Effect; Rome destroyed Carthage and the territory around it was annexed and called it the province of Africa

Back 53

The Third Punic War

Front 54

Conquered lands were organized into:

Back 54

Provinces

Front 55

Allowed conquered peoples to retain....

Back 55

customs
religions
governments

Front 56

________ were given to Rome by conquered peoples, this drove down the $ of _________, ______ farmers were unable to compete

Back 56

Tributes
grain
Small

Front 57

Problems with 3rd Punic War Conquered System:

Back 57

a. poor people were unable to feed themselves
b. no social programs in place to assist them

Front 58

plebian reformers

Back 58

Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus

Front 59

Gracchi Proposed Solutions

Back 59

1. redistribute land to the poor
2. limit the size of estates
3. government sponsered resettlment of unemployed farmers in the provinces

Front 60

True/ False- Senate's opposed reforms

Back 60

True

Front 61

Wealthy _________ murdered the Gracchi, resulting in _____ ___________

Back 61

nobles
civil war