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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Muhammad
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message influenced by Judaism and Christrianity, Revelation from God through the Gabriel: The Quran, One true God (Allah), Muhammad as the "seal of prophets", Impending end of the world and Arabs as chosen people
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After death of Muhammad
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Crisis of leadership: Creation of the Caliphate
Caliph "Deputy [of Muhammad]" Chosen by senior members of the community at first First Four= "Rightly Guided Caliphs": Abu Bakr through Ali |
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5 Pilars of Islam
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Profession of faith
Prayer (5 times a day) Almsigiving (giving to charity) Fasting Pilgrimage to Mecca (Haji) |
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Islamic Law
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-Sharia (means the path, god's law)
-The Quran -Hadith "A Saying [of Muhammad]" -The Ulama or Learned People |
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Sunni
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Followers of sunnah, Islamic tradition- believe that the early caliphs were all legit
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Shiite
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Partisans of the smily of Ali, son-in-law and cousin of Muhammad
Belief that descendants of Ali are the only true rulers |
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The Sufis
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pursuit of spiritual awareness and closeness to God
devotional practice missionaries |
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Umayyad Dynasty
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expansion due to military conquests
non-muslims paid taxes eventually stopped expanding |
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Abbasid Dynasty
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revenue from agricultural taxes
bureaucracy (influenced by the greeks and sasanians) standing army baghdad founded, network of roads and postal system |
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Abbasid Science "The House of Wisdom"
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translations into arabic from saskrit, persian, and greek
astronomy and astrology medicine algebra |
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Early Islamic World
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Urbanization
urban industries (textiles, paper) |
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Trade and commerce in early Islamic world
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Dethesauization ( taking thesaurus' out of storage)
unification of two economic zones trade |
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India after the Guptas
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regional powers
invasion of Hunas Empire of Harsha 606-48 Xuanzang and Harsha |
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Buddhist Learning
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University of Nalanda
-10,000 students -9 story library -curriculum: buddhist philosophy, logic, and religion |
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Delhi Sultanate
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multiple Turkic dynasties
powerful state patronage of Islam Indo-muslim Fusion Urdu Hingu Kingdoms |
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The Cholas 850-1267
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Maritime expansion in the 11th c.
piracy and trade decentralization |
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Vijayanagar 1336-1565
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enemy of Delhi Sultinate
Hindu Kingdom Military Powerful Gunpowder spreak to India + Middle east |
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South Indian Economy
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Trade (internal and foreign)
Port cities (Emporia)-where trade networks connected Monsoon Agriculture and irrigation |
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South Indian Society
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Decline of Buddhism
Rise of Tempe Hinduism Societal role of the Temple- gov. worked through temples |
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Conversion to Islam
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-role of Sufi holy men and devotional practice
-conversion by community rather than individual |
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The Bhakti Movement Guru Kabir 1440-1518
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poem about god and how he is not hard to find
still popular today |
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The Indian Ocean
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-societies around it developed own socio-economic differences
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Indian Ocean Trade
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-Emporia
-Ceylon as an emporium (pg 324) -local specialization (different regions produce different things) |
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Southeast Asian States
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-rice agriculture
-maritime commerce -south asian political and cultural traditions adopted and adapted (Rajas- Indian word for King), (Buddhism and Hinduism) (Literature) |
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Funan 1st-6th c. CE
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First southeast asian empire
trade between India and China Portage trade over Isthmus of Kra Decline |
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Srivijaya (650-1377)
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-Sea-based empire
-trade between india, china, and islamic world -indigenous and exotic commodities -taxed goods and allowed traders to sail through water with security |
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Java
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Borobudur 9th c.
Zhao Rugua's Report (12.4) walking through it tells the story of the world through Buddhism |
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Ceylon
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marketplace in southern India with a central position that is great for trading
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