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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Economy |
civilian economy was grinding to a halt; had to go to the black market -30% of the food consumed come from personal gardens |
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Yuri Andropov (1982-84) |
new Premier of the Soviet Union -sees a need for massive reform, saying the Soviet Union is plagued by corruption, laziness, and alcoholism -suffers a major stroke/heart attack/? in 1983 and becomes incapacitated -remains leader until 1984, however, because everything in the U.S.S.R. was secretive; nobody knew what had happened to him |
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Mikhail Gorbachev (1985-91) |
-apart of a new generation of leaders; not a high-ranking official under Stalin -was a little more open to what exactly the U.S.S.R. needs -Glasnost(openness): allowed people to discuss things they previously couldn't/open to reform |
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Perestroika (restructuring) |
Gorbachev's goal -remove the remaining blocks to modernization; realize U.S.S.R. needs outside help -doesn't want foreign investment, but knows they need money so he seeks admittance to a U.S. fiance committee |
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FALL OF SOVIET UNION |
FALL OF SOVIET UNION |
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Chernobyl |
-the nuclear company in Chernobyl had a meltdown, and like other things, is kept secret - the only reason anyone found out is because Sweden detected higher radiation in the air; U.S.S.R. came clean -seen as good: U.S.S.R. is opening up -seen as bad: does this mean the U.S.S.R. is failing apart? |
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Communist Party |
1979: membership in the communist party decrease -people wanted their own state, ruled by their own people -brought on by Glasnost |
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Boris Yeltsin |
held of the Russian Republic -1991: very popular figure: "We need change. Communism has run its course." -instead of ignoring or laughing off Yeltsin, the Communist Party tried to take him out |
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August 19, 1991 |
takes appear before the building where Yeltsin and his associates were working -open fires; broadcast live -by the next day, citizen crowd the streets -soldiers do not stop them; Gorbachev resigns -Yeltsin takes over; no more U.S.S.R., but Commonwealth of Independent States |
two possibilities come from the citizens crowding the streets -another Bloody Sunday -another instance where the soldiers under Nicholas' rule refused his orders? |
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Poland |
had been politically dominated by U.S.S.R. -1980: Solidarity movement: workers at the shipyard demanded more rights -leader: Lech Walesa -becomes the President of Poland; no longer a communist country |
a lot of countries were not under the US.S.R., but politically dominated by them; as the U.S.S.R. was shifting, these countries saw it as a time to try to get out of communism |
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Velvet Revolution |
in Czechoslovakia -'velvet' = smooth; no blood -no longer communist |
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Bulgaria |
most loyal U.S.S.R. block country -Todor Zhivka becomes worried as communism comes to an end -promotes Nationalism (which is never promoted in communism, as it excludes certain groups) -defined who was a Bulgarian: 1. had to speak Bulgarian 2. had to be Bulgarian Orthodox Christian -excluded 25-30% of the population (Muslims) -required all Bulgarians to have Christian names -removes Turks from Bulgaria; causes economic imabalance |
Christian names: -In Bulgaria, your last name came from your father's first name, so by guaranteeing everyone's first name was changed, it also changed their last -if you father's name was Petrov: 1. you were a boy, you're last name would be Petrov and you'd be 'son of Petrov' 2. you were a girl, you're last name would be Petrovia and you'd be 'daughter of Petrov' |
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King Simeon |
successful banker in Switzerland -moves away from Nationalism; Turks come back |
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Romania |
- Nicolae Ceausescu: paranoid dictator -1989: Nicolae overthrown and executed; communism overthrown -causes economic imbalance |
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Yugoslavia |
"Land of the South Slavs" -includes Slavs, Serbs, Croats, Bosnian, Montenegrin, Macedonians, etc. |
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Marshall Josip Tito |
leader of pushing Germany out of Yugoslavia -emphasizes Yugoslavian identity; gets around Nationalism -dealt with opposition severely -dies in 1980: people scramble to become leader |
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Siobadan Milosevic |
individual running to be leader -pushes Serbian Nationalism |
-Yugoslavia starts to break apart -main difference between the identities was religion -each group claimed the other was basically the same as theirs, but were pretending to be different |
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Franjo Tudjman |
individual running to be leader -the Croats want their own state
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