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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Germany |
Germany treats enemies of Stalin as enemies, instead of allies; by killing them, the Germans are actually helping Stalin -Stalin uses this to strengthen his leaderhip: "The saviour of the Soviet Union" -like Napoleon, the Germans become stuck in the Soviet Union -winter comes and Germany is being pushed back |
-the U.S. likes to say that it is them who changed the tides of the war, but the Soviets were largely responsible for pushing the Germans all the way back to Berlin and taking it -U.S. takes credit because the Soviets are their enemies during the Cold War |
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U.S. |
What draws the U.S. into war: Japan -Japan's attack on Pear Harbor |
Why did they attack? -the U.S. was placing sanctions on Japan and if they crossed the boundary, the U.S. would intervene -Japan thought that if they attacked the U.S.'s Pacific fleet, it'd stop immediate war for it would take the U.S. years to recover -however, Japan's intelligence was bad: most of the ships weren't at the harbor, and an attack such as that would cause immediate retaliation from the U.S. |
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U.S. goal |
defeat Japanese themselves fast and as soon as possible to keep the U.S.S.R. from getting into the East; Germany is already defeated |
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July 1924 (before WWI) Bretton Woods, NH |
talks about how to avoid economic troubles -all the allies were invited; Soviets refused to come because they knew it would take a capitalist view -International Monetary Fund -World Bank -General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) |
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International Monetary Fund |
came out of Bretton Woods -established to give loans to maintain economic stability in other countries; the hope was to prevent political instability |
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World Bank |
came out of Bretton Woods -provide money for other things; infastructure |
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General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade(GATT) |
came out of Bretton Woods -remove barriers to free trade |
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COMECON |
Communist Economics; USSR -"Socialism in One Country": saw other countries who are in line with the Soviet Union, help rebuild the Union |
TWO DIFFERENT ECONOMIC POLICIES -Bretton Woods: looked to help all -COMECON: was just for USSR |
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Yalta |
resort area in Crimea in USSR -President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchhill meet with Stalin and convince him to stay in WW2 -they promise him that following the war, the USSR will have "preponderant influence" in Eastern Europe (doesn't control Europe, just has the biggest influence) |
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After War |
after the war, Soviets look to that promise and the US tries to keep them from gaining too much power; tried to do this with new policies |
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Marshall Policy |
financial aid package given to all of Europe by the US -wanted to win 'hearts and minds': Germany said yes, Soviet said no -very successful; argued the most successful policy in US history |
'Hearts and Minds' |
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Truman Doctrine |
offers US supports to any country threatened by Communists
-Greece and Turkey received aid and give to different responses -Greece had a local Greek Communist group--US destroyed them: Greece wasn't happy about outside intervention -Turkey bordered USSR: were thankful for help |
Guns |
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Berlin |
split -East Berlin controlled by USSR -West Berlin controlled by U.S., Great Britain, France, etc. -USSR shuts down West in hopes that they could control all of it -U.S. sends 277,000 flights in to get West Berlin supplies |
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NATO |
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (formed during the middle of the flights) -Portugal, Italy, U.S., Great Britain, Belgium, etc...more joined later -forms a Western barrier |
growing tensions between US and USSR leads to NATO |
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Baghdad Pact |
Iraq, Iran, Pakinstan -Egypt declined |
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SEATO |
Southeast Asian Treaty Organization -U.S. allies are growing, create a wall around USSR |
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Communist Block |
USSR takes advantage of the 'preponderant influence' by pushing Communism on states -Poland, East Germany, Hungary, Romania, etc... |
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Korean War |
1950-1953 -the U.S. knows they can't defeat USSR, but can contain them; stop them from spreading -calls on NATO, but they send only a little bit of troops; seen as not a 'North Atlantic' problem -however Turkey sends 25,000 soldiers because they're scared of USSR and were hoping to gain U.S. favor in case they ever need help -only ends because Stalin dies; ends largely in stalemate |
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38th Parallel |
division of Korea at 38th Parallel -North Korea is Communist -South Korea is not -(still like this today) |
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Nikita Khrushchev |
comes to power after Stalin -instead of praising Stalin, says they need to move away from him -not poorly received in USSR, but China |
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Mao Zedong |
emulated Stalin
-breaks from USSR; still Communist however |
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Cold War |
Cold War is also fought out in space and sports -Sputnik: the USSR was winning the space race, which people translated as winning the war -winning gold medals proved you were a good state (USSR beating us in basketball, 'The Miracle on Ice') |
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